Ikimpoteri ni ahantu harundwa imyanda ituruka mu ngo, amahoteri n’amaresitora, amaduka, inganda, amavuriro n’ahandi… Ikimpoteri gushyirwa ahantu hitaruye cyane abaturage. Ubusanzwe ikimpoteri gitunganye cyangombye kuba cyubakiye kandi imyanda ibora n’itabora ikavangurwa; imwe igakurwamo ibikoresho, indi igakurwamo ifumbire. Idashobotse hashakwa ubundi buryo itunganywa.
Aha hantu harundwa imyanda y’ubwoko butandukanye, iyo harunzwe imyanda igihe kinini bigira ingaruka mbi kanddi nyinshi ku bidukikije ndetse no ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima biri ku isi mu gihe kizaza.
Mu ngaruka mbi kandi nyinshi zitererwa niyi myanda iba irunze kudusozi kdi idakwikiriye hari mo:
Kwanduza ubutaka n’amasoko yo mu kuzimu y’amazi
Iyo ikimpoteri kimaze igihe amazi agenda aturuka mu myanda yo mu bwoko butandukanye iba irimo avanze n’ay’imvura igwamo, aragenda ikinjira mu kuzimu akanduza ubutaka ndetse n’amasoko y’ikuzimu bitewe n’uko aya mazi ava mu kimpoteri aba agizwe n’ibinyabutabire bitandukanye ibyinshi ari iby’uburozi, bishobora gutera ingaruka nyinshi kandi mbi ku butaka no ku masoko y’amazi.
Ibi binyabutabire twavuga nka Feri, ubutare… bityo nyuma y’imyaka runaka ingaruka zikaba zatangira kwigaragaza nko kutera k’ubutaka biturutse ku busharire bwabwo ndetse n’indwara ziterwa no kunywa amazi yanduye. Ibi bigira ingarukuka zikomeye ku binyabuzima biri ku isi.
Imyanda iva mu bimpoteri yanduza amasoko y’amazi kandi iba yuzuye ibinyabutabire bifite uburozi butandukanye. Ikimpoteri gikusanyirizwamo imyanda ikomoka mu Mujyi wa Gisenyi. (Ifoto/Nkubiri Robert)
Umunuko ukabije
Uyu munuko ukabije uturuka mu myanda irunze mu kimpoteri iyo igenda ibora ndetse yivanga n’amazi y’imvura. Bitera umunuko ukabije ku byuryo ubangamira bikomeye mu nkengero z’ikimpoteri. Uyu munuko ushobora gutera indwara zifatira ku buhumekero cyane cyane nk’abana kuko ubwirinzi bw’umubiri wabo buba budafite ubudahangarwa nk’ubw’abantu bakuru.
Imyuka ikomeye ishobora gutera inkongi
Ikimpoteri kimaze igihe, kibyara imyuka ikomeye ishobora no gutera inkongi. Urugero twatanga ni nka Methane (Methane). Iyo iyi myuka ibaye myinshi, ishobora no kubyazwa amashanyarazi. Birumvikana ko ubukana bwayo bwateza inkongi igihe icyo aricyo cyose.
Indiri y’udusimba dukwirakwiza indwara zinyuranye
Ikimpoteri ni ahantu heza hatuma udukoko (insectes) ndetse n’utundi dusimba (rongeurs) dukwirakwiza indwara twororokera ku buryo bworoshye. Bishobora guteza ibyago ku baturiye aho ibi bimpoteri, ku buryo bashobora kwandura indwara zikwirakwiza n’udukoko n’udusimba dufata indiri mu bimpoteri.
Imyuka ituruka mu bimpoteri yangiza ikirere ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane kuko irusha ubukana imyuka ihumanya (Co2) mu kwangiza ikirere. Muri iyi myuka twavuga nk’iyo mu bwoko bwa Gaz methane (NH4)
Hakwiye uburyo buhamye bwo gukusanya imyanda ku buryo ibora ndetse n’itabora ivangurwa ishoboka ikabyazwa umusaruro. Ikimpoteri gikusanyirizwamo imyanda ikomoka mu mujyi wa Gisenyi. (Ifoto/Nkubiri Robert)
Hari icyakorwa mu kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima
Kubera uburemere bw’ingaruka ziterwa n’iyangirika ry’ibidukikije zituruka ku kuba ibimpoteri bidacunzwe neza bikaba bishyirwa ahanini ku dusozi cyangwa ahandi ubuyobozi bubona nta kindi kintu kiri hafi aho, uko hagenda hashira iminsi imyanda ishyirwamo igira ingaruka ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima. Hagomba rero kwitonderwa impamvu zose zatuma ibimpoteri bicunzwe mu buryo busanzwe bikomeza kwiyongera, hagafatwa ingamba zikomeye mu buryo iyi myanda ivangurwa ndetse n’uburyo itwarwa igezwa ku bimpoteri.
Kubera ko ingaruka zabyo ari nyinshi cyane kandi mbi ku bidukikije no ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, bigatera ingaruka z’igihe kirekire ku biremwa n’ibimera biri ku isi, hagomba gufatwa ingamba z’uburyo ino myanda yatunganywa, ishobora gukunrwamo ibindi bikoresho ikajyanwa mu nganda zabigenewe, ishobora gukurwamo ifumbire igashyirwa ukwayo, na ho itagira ikindi yabyazwa hagashakwa uburyo na yo itagira uruhare mu ngaruka ku bidukikije.
Kuvangura imyanda bikwiye gutangirira ku nkomoko y’aho yaturutse, ku buryo ibora, ishobora kongera gutunganywa n’indi itagira ukundi yakoreshwa igatwarwa mu buryo butandukanye. Hagombye kubaho imodoka ziyitwara ku buryo itongera kuvangavangwa kugera aho irundwa.
Abakozi bakora muri iyo myanda na bo bakwiye kugira ubumenyi mu kuyikusanya ndetse no kuyitunganya, bakaba banagomba kugira ibikoresha byabugenewe bihagije ndetse n’ibibafasha kwirinda gukomereka, n’ibikumira imyuka yahumanya ku buryo byabatera indwara z’ubuhumekero.
Gutwika imyanda bitangiza ikirere
Habayeho uburyo bunoze bwo gucunga imyanda, ntiyaba ikibaye ikibazo, ahubwo yatanga ibisubizo mu gihe habayeho ikumira ry’iyangirika ry’ikirere ryaterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’ibimpoteri. Hakwiye gushyirwaho ibimpoteri bijyanye n’igihe kandi bitanga igisubizo ku iterambere rirambye.
Abakozi bapakira imyanda ndetse n’abakora mu bimpoteri bakwiye guhabwa ibikoresho bibarinda guhura n’indwara za hato na hato zikomoka ku myanda. Uyu yatunganyaga ifumbire mu kimpoteri gikusanyirizwamo imyanda yo mu mujyi wa Gisenyi. (Ifoto/Nkubiri Robert)
Hakwiye kugira igikorwa
Ikigo k’igihugu kita ku bidukikije (REMA) na cyo kigaragaza ko hakiri ikibazo gikomeye mu gukusanya imyanda kuko igitwarwa mu modoka imwe kandi ivangavanze.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REMA, Eng. Colleta Ruhamya, atangaza ko harimo kwiga uburyo buhamye bwo kujugunya imyanda ku buryo biva mu kajagari, imyanda igatangira kuvangurwa uhereye aho ikomoka.
Agira ati «Kuvangura imyanda bikwiye guhera aho ituruka. Ingorane zigihari ni uko kuyikusanya ndetse n’imodoka ziyitwara bigikorwa ku buryo imyanda yose iba ivanze. Mu rwego rwo gukemura iki kibazo, hakozwe inyigo yo gushyiraho ikimpoteri kijyanye n’igihe kandi kiri ahantu kidashobora kugira ingaruka ku baturage, ku buryo ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryacyo niritangira hazabaho n’uburyo bwo gutandukanya imyanda hakurikijwe ubwoko bwayo n’aho ituruka aho gukorerwa mu kimpoteri.»
Eng. Ruhamya avuga ko ibimpoteri ubundi bishyirwaho nk’ibigomba kumara igihe gito ariko ubwiyongere bw’abaturage ndetse n’imiturire bituma abaturage bakegera cyane kandi havamo amasazi ashobora kubanduza indwara. Ku bijyanye n’abakozi bakora mu bimpoteri ndetse n’abapakira imyanda, avuga ko bakwiye guhabwa ibikoresho bibakingira ku buryo batapfa gufatwa n’indwara ibonetse yose ikomoka mu myanda bakoramo.
Bukibaruta Nkubiri Robert
