Umunyarwanda wa nyuma gato ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ntabwo yigeze atekereza ko igihe kizagera ngo agendane telefone irimo serivisi za banki. Telefone ayikoreshe mu kwishyura ibintu byose akenera mu buzima bwe bwa buri munsi. Umwana wiga mu mashuri abanza ngo abe afite mudashobwa n’ibindi byinshi byazanywe n’ikoranabuhanga.
Leta y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda yo yari ifite gahunda y’uko ibyo byose bizagerwaho, ikoranabuhanga rikaba umusemburo wo kwihutisha itarambere no guhindura imibereho yabaturage.
Ni urugendo rwatangiye mbere gato ya 2000, ubwo Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yateguraga icyerekezo 2020. Icyo gihe nibwo hashyizweho imirongo ngenderwaho y’uko ikoranabuhanga rizaba inkingi ya mwamba mu majyambere y’u Rwanda.
Icyo gihe nibwo hashyizweho gahunda ya leta yiswe NICI [National Information and Communication Infrastructure], yo gushyiraho politiki ngenderwaho mu ikoranabuhanga, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo ndetse no kureba uko ikoranabuhanga ryakwinjizwa mu nzego zose z’igihugu.
Mu kiganiro Ijabo@250 cyo ku Cyumweru tariki ya 3 Werurwe 2024 kuri Televiziyo y’u Rwanda, hagarutswe ku mahitamo u Rwanda rwakoze mu myaka 30 ishize, ubwo hatekerezwaga ikoranabuhanga n’inkingi igomba kubakirwaho ubukungu n’iterambere.
Umunyamakuru akaba n’umusesenguzi muri politiki, Jean Pierre Kagabo, avuga ko ari urugendo rutari rworoshye cyane ko telefone zigendanwa zageze mu Rwanda mu 1998.
Agira ati “Mbere nta n’uwari aziko wakoresha telefone igendanwa kugira ngo uvugane n’undi muntu. Abari bafite za Publi-phone hano mu mujyi, wajyaga hariya ugahamagara. Aho niho amateka yari atangiye guhindukira ariko kugira ngo ukore ishoramari rimeze nk’iryo, ntabwo ari ibintu wabyuka mu gitondo ngo ubikore.’’
Yakomeje agira ati ‘‘Ndibwira ko n’iyo ubwira umushoramari ngo aze ashore muri icyo kintu wenyine yari gutinya ndashaka kwerekana uko gutinyuka, ubwo bushake bwa politiki bwari buhari kugira ngo ushake abantu bashora muri icyo kintu utazi ikizavamo.’’
Kagabo yavuze ko kuri ubu abakabakaba 90% bafite telefone ngendanwa. Ibintu bigaragaza umusaruro w’icyo cyemezo gikomeye Leta y’u Rwanda yafashe.
Ati ‘‘Ariko telefone ubu abantu bafite, birenze kuba wakwishimisha uhamagara gusa. Ufite telefone uba ufite banki, bivuze ko wageze no ku muyobozi,uyu munsi urandika ubutumwa kuri Twitter, umuyobozi ahite abubona agusubize, uragera mu Biro by’Umukuru w’Igihugu utiriwe usaba guhura nawe, ahubwo kumwandikira kuri Twitter akagusubiza.’’
Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n’isakazabumenyi (RISA), Innocent Bagamba Muhizi, agaragaza ko ubushake bwa politiki ndetse no gushoramo imari aribyo byatumye ibyo byose bigerwaho.
Agira ati ‘‘Ndabyibuka hari gahunda zigeze kubaho, baravuga bati ‘tugiye gushyiraho umuyoboro w’itumanaho’ n’abaterankunga babigiraho ingingimira baravuga bati ‘ese kuki mujya gushora imari muri ibyo bintu, mwakubatse amavuriro, amashuri cyangwa ibindi?’ Ubuyobozi bw’igihugu buti ‘oya twebwe turareba ejo hazaza kuko hari igihe ibi ngibi bizaba ari inkingi ikomeye kugira ngo tugere ku iterambere.’’
Yakomeje agira ati ‘‘Byasabaga guhitamo tukavuga ngo aho kugira ngo twubake ibyo bitaro 300 ejo hazabure abahanga bo kubikoramo, bibure ibikoresho […] twari kuba tubuze ikintu gikomeye cyane kuko ikoranabuhanga ubu ngubu urisanga ahantu hose, byagaragaye muri Covid-19.’’
Muhizi avuga ko nyuma yo kugaragaza ubwo bushake aribwo havutse Sosiyete z’Itumanaho zirimo Terracom, Rwandatel, MTN Rwanda, Tigo Rwanda na Airtel Rwanda.
Ikoranabuhanga mu buzima bw’igihugu
Abahanga bagaragaza ko ikoranabuhanga ryamaze kuba ubuzima bw’abatuye Isi, ryihutisha serivisi, rikoroshya ibikorwa kandi rigafasha mu guhanga imirimo.
Kuvuga impinduka zazanywe n’ikoranabuhanga mu myaka 30 ishize benshi mu baturage bagaragaza ibyiza byo kwegerezwa serivisi zo kubona ibyangombwa bitandukanye hifashishijwe urubuga IREMBO.
Mu burezi, ikoranabuhanga ryashinze imizi mu Rwanda, aho buri kigo cy’ishuri yaba amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye uhasanga mudasobwa zifasha abana mu myigire ndetse n’abarezi mu myigishirize.
Niyomugenga Emmy , umwarimu kuri GS Matimba mu Karere ka Nyagatare, yagize ati “Abarezi byaradufashije cyane, twarwanaga no kwirirwa twandukura amanota, mu makayi, dukora bulletin dukoresheje intoki, ubumenyi dushaka kwiyungura bikatugora ariko kubera iyi Computer Lab, turayikoresha, abana bakenera gukora ubushakashatsi bakabona ubumenyi mu buryo bworoshye.”
Umuyobozi w’Ishuri rya New Generation Agademy Tuyisenge Jean Claude , avuga ko kwigisha abana amasomo y’ikoranabuhanga bakiri bato bitanga amahirwe yo gucengerwa nayo. Bikaba binatanga icyizere mu kuzana impinduka ku mibereho y’abaturage mu buryo bufatika.
Mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi ikoranabuhanga rimaze guhindura byinshi kuko nk’ubu Ikigo cya Zipline kirimo gufasha mu kugeza icyororo cyangwa intanga ku borozi by’umwihariko ab’ingurube.
Ikoranabuhanga kandi ryamaze kwimakazwa mu rwego rw’ubuzima aho kuva mu 2016, Ikigo cya Zipline , gifasha ibigo nderabuzima kubona amaraso mu buryo bwihuse.
Kuva mu 2020, uwo icyorezo cya Covid-19 cyadukaga mu Rwanda hafashwe ingamba zitandukanye zigamije gukumira ubukana bw’iki cyorezo cyakuye imitima y’abatuye Isi. Ikoranabuhanga rya Robo ryatanze umusanzu ku bibuga by’indege, mu mavuriro yakiraga abarwayi ba Covid-19.
Ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi kandi rigaragara muri serivisi zirimo nko kuba umuganga yabaga umurwayi ari kure ye akoresheje ikoranabuhanga bikorerwa ku bitaro byitiriwe mwami Faisal, serivisi zo kuvura kanseri ziri ku rwego rwo hejuru zitangirwa ku bitaro bya Butaro.
Minisitiri w’Ubuzima, Dr Sabin Nsanzimana avuga ko serivisi z’ubuvuzi zitangirwa mu Rwanda zikenerwa n’abaturutse hirya no hino muri Afurika.
Mu myaka 30 ishize ibikorwaremezo bifasha mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga byarubatswe nk’amahitamo y’Igihugu mu guhindura ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda mu nguni zose z’ubuzima bw’igihugu, harimo uburezi, ubucuruzi,ubukerarugendo, ubuhinzi n’ubworozi n’ibindi bifasha Abanyarwanda barimo urubyiruko kwihangira imirimo binyuze mu mishinga y’ikoranabuhanga.
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