Munezero Jeanne d’Arc
Bamwe mu bahagarariye inzego zitandukanye zifite aho zihuriye no kurengera umwana, bavuga ko kuba hakiri abana bajya ku muhanda abandi bagasubirayo nyuma yo kuva mu bigo ngororamuco, biterwa n’uko impamvu zibitera ziba zitashakiwe ibisubizo, by’umwihariko ibibazo byo mu muryango.
Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imikurire no kurengera umwana, NCDA, n’abafatanyabikorwa bacyo, aribo Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe igororamuco na SOS Children Villages, bahuriye hamwe mu nama nyunguranabitekerezo yigira hamwe uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo by’abana bo ku muhanda n’uko basubizwa mu muryango
Inama yateranye wa Gatanu tariki 27 Nzeri 2024, hareberwa hamwe uburyo haboneka igisubizo kirambye ku ikibazo cy’abana bo mu muhanda, kikaba cyakemurwa burundu.
Izi nzego zishinzwe kurengera umwana zigaragaza ko ikibazo cy’abana bajya mu muhanda gituruka ku makimbirane yo mu muryango, ubukene, ababyeyi batumvikana, ababyeyi barera abana batabyaye cyangwa n’abababyaye ntibabiteho no kutabasha gukemura ibibazo bibera mu muryango; bityo n’ugorowe iyo asubijwe mu muryango arongera akagaruka n’ubundi mu muhanda.
Bamwe mu bana babaye mu muhanda na bo biyemerera ko igituma bava mu rugo akenshi bitewe n’amakimbirane y’ababyeyi babo.
Umwana utatangajwe izina kuko ataragira imyaka y’ubukure, agira ati “Nagize ibyago byo kujya mu muhanda kubera ko papa na mama bararaga barwana nkagira agahinda mu mutima wanjye, ni uko nagiye mu muhanda. Naje kwisanga muri Gereza ya Muhanga ariko i Gitagata baza kumfata.”
Undi ati “Papa yishe mama baramufunga, njya kurererwa mu muryango wa mama; baranyirukana, ngiye mu wa papa na bo bakajya bantoteza. Abaturanyi bakampa akato ntibatume nkina n’abana babo… sinigaga, mpita njya mu muhanda mbigiriwemo inama n’undi mwana.”
Undi na we ati “Ababyeyi banjye baratandukanye umugabo wa mama akajya ampohotera, ansambanya, akambwira ko nimbivuga azanyica. Yaje no kuntera inda mama abimenye ntiyabyakira baranyirukana, nigira mu muhanda kuko nabonaga ntabundi buhungiro…”
Aba bana nubwo baba mu buzima bwo mu muhanda ariko bemeza ko buba bushaririye
Umwe ati “Nageze mu muhanda ubuzima burangora nkajya nkubitwa, nsambanywa n’abo tubana mu muhanda cyangwa abakarane ndetse n’abandi. Naje kubyara umwana arapfa kuko ntarimfite uburyo bwo ku mwitaho…”
Undi ati “Ubuzima bwo mu muhanda bwari bubi, ntabwo nabonga ibyo kurya n’ibyo mbonye bakabinyaka, n’aho kuryama mbonye abasekirite bakanyirukana ngo nimve hano…”
Umwana wavanywe mu muhanda akajyanwa muri SOS Child’s Village, agira ati “Nkigera muri SOS icyanshimishije ni uko nahasanze abana twabanye mu muhanda, nkasanga barafashe imico myiza.”
Undi avuga ko yageze muri SOS akabona uburiri bwiza akarya, akaryama neza. Ati “Njye navanywe mu kigo kwa Kabuga i Gikondo banjyana muri SOS. Nasanze ari heza…”
Icyo inzego zitari iza leta zibivugaho
Kwizera Jean Bosco, Umuyobozi wa SOS Child’s Village mu Rwanda, na we ahamya ko intego ari ukuvana burundu abana mu muhanda.
Ati: “Intego ni uko aba bana bagomba kuva mu muhanda kuko ntibagomba kubamo, kandi gukura abana ku muhanda n’ingamba zihera mu muryango”.
Akomeza avuga ko kugira ngo umwana yitwe umwana bivuze ko ibimubaho byose, uruhare rwe ruba ari ruto cyane.
Ati “Uruhare rukomeye cyane ni urwo mu muryango. Ni ukubaka umuryango uhamye, ushikamye ushobora kurinda abawugize bose. Kubavana mu muhanda no kubabungabunga mu buryo bw’imitekerereze no kubafasha gusubirana n’imiryango yabo, ni zo ngamba z’ibanze zigomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa.
Murwanashyaka Evariste, Umuhuzabikorwa wa Gahunda mu Mpuzamiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa Muntu -CLADHO, agaragaza ko imbogamizi iriho ari ikibazo kiba cyatumye abana bajya mu muhanda ndetse n’aho baturutse ntibamenye uko wa mwana yahavuye ngo babikurikirane hakiri kare.
Ati “Mu nzego z’ibanze umwana avuye mu mudugudu akabura mugitondo bakaramuka bamushakisha, bamubona ataragera ku muhanda bigatuma wa mwana agaruka mu muryango. Kuba umwana abura twese tukicecekera ni ho ikibazo kiri, bigatuma wa mwana agera mu muhanda akamaramo igihe kirekire, tukabona nta kibazo…”
Akomeza avuga ko uburyo umwana akurwa mu muhanda agasubizwa iwabo ariko ikibazo cyatumye avayo kidakemuwe, bituma abacunga ku jisho akongera agasubira mu muhanda yihuse, kuko ari ho yumva atekanye.
Dr Uwihoreye Chaste, Umuyobozi w’Umuryango Uyisenga Ni Imanzi, avuga ko bigoye kubura Umuryango uwufite. Asobanura ko umwana wo mu muhanda agira ingaruka z’amarangamutima yo kumva ko yatawe, hakiyongeraho n’ibibazo byo mu mutwe.
Agira ati “Muri we aba yaratawe… Twese iyo tubabonye tuti ‘Marine!’ Na we ibyo abigira mu mutwe, akumva ko yatawe ariko muri we akabura uburyo abasha kugenga amarangamutima. Ushobora kumuvugisha akagutera icyuma.”
Dr. Uwihoreye akomeza avuga ko imyitwarire y’uwo mwana ari uko yiga kuba umunyabyaha, umunyamahanga, akiga uko aba mu muhanda akoresheje ubushotoranyi (Aggressivity), asaba, asambana… avuga kandi ko uwo mwana azaba umutekamutwe, iyo myitwarire yo kwirwanaho azayiga n’ibindi byinshi bihutaza abandi.
Dr Uwihaye avuga ko icyakorwa ari ugusubizwa mu ishuri abo bana kuko ngo ishuri ari ikintu cy’ingenzi cyafasha abana bavanywe mu muhanda.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NCDA, Ingabire Assumpta, avuga ko abana basangwa mu muhanda nubwo bagerageza ku bakurikirana ariko bidakorwa neza ngo ugere ku mpamvu zatumye aza mu muhanda ariko tugiye gukora ibishoboka byose dufatanyije n’izindi nzego zose zirebwa n’iki kibazo abana bo mu muhanda bashiramo burundu bagasubizwa mu ishuri.
Agira ati “Turashaka gukemura ibituma bava mu muryango cyangwa tuvuga ngo turaca 100% ikibazo cy’abana baba mu muhanda. Twebwe twizera ko ikibazo cyo gukura abana mu muhanda kizakemuka burundu cyane cyane nidufatanya n’inzego tugakemura ibyo bibazo bituma abana bava iwabo.”
Akomeza ati “Uumwana avanwa mu rugo n’umubyeyi amutoteza, amukubita, atamwitaho bityo bwa burenganzira bwose bw’abana ntibabuhabwe. Rero Ababyeyi nibabasha gukemura ibyo bibazo afite icyizere cy’uko ikigamijwe kizagerwaho”.
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe igororamuco (NRS), Mufulukye Fred, na we avuga ko impamvu abana bisanga mu muhanda bituruka ku makimbirane yo mu miryango.
Agira ati “Ibyo bituma umwana ashobora kwisanga mu bigare bifite imyitwarire mibi bikamujyana. Kandi impamvu abana bajya kugororwa nyuma bakongera kwisangayo biterwa nuko ikibazo cyatumye bajya mu muhanda basanga kigihari.
Ati “Ntabwo turagera aho tugorora neza umwana ariko tukanakemura cya kibazo cyatumye ajya mu muhanda.Iyo asubiyeyo cya kibazo kigihari birumvikana ibyago byo kongera gusubira muri bya bibazo biba byinshi cyane.”
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Abana (NCDA) mu 2019, bwerekana ko abana 2,882 babaga mu muhanda. 70% by’abo bana bari bafite ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, 80% bari mu muhanda ntabwo bari mu mashuri.
