Ku itariki ya 1 Gicurasi buri mwaka u Rwanda rwifatanya n’Isi yose mu kwizihiza Umunsi mpuzamahanga w’umurimo. Zimwe mu mbogamizi Urugaga rw’amasendika y’abakozi mu Rwanda (CESTRAR) ndetse n’imwe mu miryango iharanira uburenganzira bw’umukozi bigaragaza ni ukutagira Iteka rya Minisitiri rigena Umushahara fatizo.
Uku kutagira Umushahara fatizo, abahagarariye n’abahanira uburenganzira bw’abakozi, bavuga ko biteza imibereho mibi umukozi, kuko nta mutekano agira mu kazi, ahora ashakisha ahari ubuzima bwiza. Ikindi ni uko bitera igihombo ku gihugu, kuko abakoresha cyane cyane abikorera, bahemba abakozi umushahara wo hasi badashobora gutangira umusoro, bigateza igihombo igihugu, kuko urwego rw’abikorera rufite abakozi barenga 90% by’abakozi bose mu gihugu.
Mu itangazo Urugaga rw’amasendika y’abakozi mu Rwanda (CESTRAR: Centrale des Syndicats des Travailleurs du Rwanda/Rwanda Workers’ Trade Union Confederation) ryashyize hanze rijyanye n’umunsi mpuzamahanga w’umurimo ku wa 1 Gicurasi 2023, n’ubwo hari byinshi bashima byakozwe birebana n’umurimo ariko bahwitura Minisiteri y’abakozi ba Leta n’Umurimo kwihutisha Iteka rigena Umushahara fatizo.
Biraboneye Africain, Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa CESTRAR, agira ati “Dukomeje gusaba ko Iteka rya Minisitiri rigena Umushahara fatizo (Minimum Wage) ryashyirwaho mu gihe cya vuba nk’uko risanzwe riteganyijwe mu Itegeko rigenga Umurimo mu Rwanda, bityo hakabaho umushahara udashobora kugibwa munsi, hagamijwe kurengera imibereho myiza y’umukozi. Byaba byiza hashyizweho igihe kitari kinini cyo kujya rivugururwa hashingiwe ku kiguzi cyo kubaho (cost of living)”
Icyo CESTRAR igarukaho ni ikibazo cy’umushahara w’abakozi cyane cyane Abanyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa b’utugari ndetse n’abo mu buvuzi, ariko muri rusange umushahara w’umukozi ukajyana n’ibihe.
Biraboneye agira ati “N’ubwo hari ibigenda bikorwa, umushahara w’abakozi benshi ntugishoboye guhangana n’ibiciro biri ku isoko muri iki gihe, bigatuma abakozi batagira imibereho myiza yagombye kuranga umukozi, bigatuma abasha no gutanga umusaruro mwiza. Turasaba abakoresha na Leta gukora ibishoboka byose imishahara muri rusange ikavugururwa, igahuzwa n’ibihe turimo.”
Mirimo Germain, Umuyobozi Nshingwabikorwa w’Umuryango utari uwa Leta urengera umurimo (RLRO: Rwanda Labour Rights Organization), avuga ko iyo nta mushahara fatizo uri mu gihugu, abakozi cyane cyane abo mu bigo byigenga babaho mu buzima bubi kandi n’igihugu kigahomba imisoro kuko imishahara akenshi ijya hasi y’usoreshwa.
Agira ati “Kuban ta mushahra fatizo bigira imbogamizi nyinshi zirimo ubusumbane bukabije mu mishahara biganisha n’ubusumbane muri sosiyete; umushahara w’umukozi iyo uri hasi bituma na we adatera imbere. Bituma kandi mu gihugu haba abantu bakize cyane abandi bakennye cyane, kandi kubera ko nta mushahara fatizo ugenwa n’itegeko, abakoresha bo mu rwego rw’abikorera buri gihe bagena umushahara uri munsi y’ushoreshwa kuko baba bashaka gusohora amafaranga make.”
Mirimo akomeza avuga ko usanga abakoresha bahombya igihugu kuko batanga umusoro w’abakozi babo cyangwa bagasora make. Yongeraho ko bene abo bakoresha usanga badateganyiriza abakozi, batavuzwa kandi badatangirwa umusoro ku mushahara (PAYE).
Agira ati “Umukozi utameze neza ntatanga umusaruro kuko atagira icyicaro hamwe ahora ashakisha aho yabona ubuzima bwiza. Iyo umukozi adatanze umusaruro umukoresha arahomba kandi n’igihugu kigahomba.”
Mirimo avuga ko Iteka rigena umushahara fatizo rikwiye kwihutishwa kugira ngo abakoze bashobore guhangana n’ubuzima bujyanye n’ibiciro biri ku isoko kandi n’igihugu kibone umusaruro ugiteza imbere.
Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe Umurimo muri Minisiteri y’abakozi ba Leta n’Umurimo –MIFOTRA, Mwambari Faustin, mu kiganiro yahaye PANORAMA kuri telefoni, avuga ko iteka rizajyaho ariko rishingiye ku nyigo zigomba kugaragaza icyo Umushahara fatizo ugomba gushingiraho.
Agira ati “Kugira ngo hajyeho Iteka rigena umushahara fatizo hari inyigo zimaze igihe zikorwa kugira ngo tuzihereho tureba umushahara fatizo ukwiye kujyaho. kandi umushshara fatizo ugomba kuba udatera ikibazo abakozi kandi utanagitera abakoresha. Kuba uzajyaho biteganyijwe mu itegeko. Iyo umushahara fatizo ugiye hejuru biteza ibibazo n’iyo ugiye hasi biteza ibibazo, tugomba gushingira ku nyigo rero.”
Mu rwego rw’abikorera ni ho kakiri imbogamizi cyane kuko Guverinoma yo yashyizeho uburyo bw’imishahara hakurikijwe inzego z’imirimo ariko kandi Umushahara fatizo ureba abakozi bose mu gihugu.
Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ubushakashatsi ku murimo (Rwanda Labour Force Survey) 2022 bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare, urwego rw’abikorera rwihariye 90.1 ku ijana ku bakozi bose bari mu gihugu.
Insanganyamatsiko y’uyu mwaka yatanzwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Murimo (OIT/ILO: Organisation International du Travail/ International Labour Organization) igira iti “Ahakorerwa umurimo hizewe kandi hatekanye ni uburenganzira bw’ibanze ku”.
Rwanyange Rene Anthere
