Ni ku wa 20 Ukuboza 2019, nimugoroba. Igifungo cy’imyaka 25, ni cyo gihano cyemejwe n’Urukiko rwa Rubanda rw’i Buruseli, mu Bubiligi, ku munyarwanda Fabiani Neretse, nyuma yo guhamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside n’ibyaha by’intambara. Mu rubanza rwe rwose, kuva rutangiye kugera rusozwa, byose yari yaburanye abihakana. Yari “inshuti y’abatutsi !” Kuri we ni “akarengane kazarwanywa n’uburere no kumva amateka yacu”.
“Fabiani Neretse, urukiko ruguhanishije igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu!” Mu cyumba cy’iburanisha, nta wukoma ku buryo umutima utera ukawumva. Aho yicaranye n’umusemuzi mu kazu k’ibirahure, mu ikositimu ye yijimye n’ishati na karuvati by’umeru, umusaza Neretse w’imyaka 71 ntanyeganyega! Isura ye ntigaragaza imbamutima na mba, nta no kwikanga.
Ni nk’aho, hari ipaji y’ubuzima bwe yaraye irangije kononekara ubwo, saa tanu z’ijoro ryo ku wa kane, “inteko y’inyangamugayo” 12 yamuhamyaga icyaha cya jenoside n’ibyaha by’intambara.
Kuri we, kuri uyu mugoroba wo ku gatanu, nta gishyashya. Byaraye birangiye. Abaturage 12 baraye bahiritse umuturirwa w’ubuhamya bwinshi bumushinjura, ariko bwivuguruza cyangwa se buvuguruzanya. Baraye bahinduye ubusa ubucuti yemeje ko yari afitanye n’abatutsi, ari na bo ashinjwa kwica.
Ni nk’aho ziriya nyangamugayo zahisemo gukurikira umurongo w’Umushinjacyaha mukuru Arnaud d’Oultremont, mu myanzuro ye: Neretse Fabiani ni umunyabyaha ugomba guhanwa ! Nyamara n’umurongo w’imitekerereze ya nyir’ubwite, mbere y’uko ziriya nyangamugayo zijya kumwigaho, usa n’uwari wagaragayemo ubwihebe.
Ubwo yabazwaga niba ntacyo yongera ku rubanza rwe, yagize ati “Sinzigera ndekeraho kuvuga ko nari mfite inshuti nyinshi z’abatutsi. Nibaza ko uburere no kumva neza amateka yacu ari byo byazadufasha kurwanya akarengane. Kunkatira cyangwa kungira umwere nta cyo byahindura!” Birangiye n’ubundi koko akatiwe imyaka 25. Kubera icyaha cya jenoside n’ibyaha by’intambara inyangamugayo zaraye zimuhamije, yakoreye i Nyamirambo ya Kigali n’iwabo i Mataba.
Abishwe i Kigali n’i Mataba
Byari byasabye ziriya nyangamugayo 12 gusasanura, gushakisha ukuri mu buhamya bugera ku ijana (100), muri dosiye ya paji zigera ku bihumbi 40! Basanga Neretse Fabiani ahamwa n’ibyaha aregwa, uretse urupfu rw’abantu 2 biciwe ahandi muri Kigali. Yahamwe n’icyaha cyo gushinga, guha amafaranga, gutoza no guha intwaro umutwe w’interahamwe aho avuka i Mataba, ari na ho yasubiye gutura hagati muri Mata 1994. Uyu mutwe ni wo wishe Nzamwita Anasitazi muri Mata 1994, na Mpendwanzi Yozefu, w’umuhutu wiciwe ahitwa i Muvuba ku wa 19 Kamena 1994. Hishwe n’abandi bantu benshi batashoboye kumenyekana neza. Kuri abo bantu bose bishwe, urukiko rwari rwamuhamije ibyaha by’intambara.
Ubuhamya bugera kuri 20 bwose bwahurije ku ruhare rwe mu rupfu rwa Mperwanzi. Bwose bwemezaga uburyo yavumbuwe mu nzu yari yihishemo, akabohwa, agatwarwa inyuma mu modoka ya Neretse, Neretse ubwe ari we uyitwariye. Ibisobanuro bye by’uko yagerageje kubuza abari bagiye kumwica, urukiko rwasanze ari amatakirangoyi asa n’ « umugani ».
Neretse Fabiani yahamwe kandi n’icyaha cyo guhururiza abaturanyi be b’i Nyamirambo mu mujyi wa Kigali, ku wa 09 Mata 1994, mbere yo kujya iwabo i Mataba. Uwo munsi, mu gihe bamwe mu bagize imiryango ya Sisi Evariste, Gakwaya Gerard na Bucyana bahuriraga mu rugo rwa Sisi, bitegura guhunga, basakijwe n’abasirikare n’interahamwe bari bahamagawe na Neretse. Haraswa abantu 11 barimo umubiligikazi Claire Beckers n’umugabo we Isaie Bucyana. Aha Neretse yahamwe cy’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi ku bantu 9, n’ubwinjiracyaha ku cyaha cy’ubwicanyi ku bantu 3. Byose byiswe ibyaha by’intambara.
Gushaka kurimbura ubwoko bw’Abatutsi
Ntibyari byoroshye kumenya uruhare rwa Neretse mu rupfu rw’abantu b’i Nyamirambo, cyane cyane ko nta wamwiyumviye ahamagara abasirikare kuri telefoni, nta n’uwamwumvise ababwira ko hari abitegura guhunga. Iyo nzitizi, inyangamugayo zashoboye kuyirenga!
Koko rero, umwe mu batangabuhamya wiciwe umugore n’umwana, wari unafite amarembo ateganye no kwa Neretse, yari yabwiye urukiko ko ubwe yiboneye Neretse atungira abasirikare agatoki urugo rwa Sisi Evariste. Undi mutangabuhamya, warokotse ayo masasu, yemeje ko “hari umuntu wo kwa Neretse” wari hamwe n’abasirikare. Ni mu gihe ariko abunganizi ba Neretse basanga ubuhamya nk’ubwo bw’umuntu umwe umwe, umuntu yabukekamo byinshi. Umwe muri bo, Jean-Pierre Jacques, yagize ati “hashize imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu, harahimbwe impuha ko ari Neretse wahamagaye abasirikare”.
Nyamara nyuma y’imyaka 18 y’iperereza, nta n’umwe ushobora kwemeza ko ari Neretse wahamagaye abasirikare. Ni impuha gusa! Impuha zonona ibintu kandi zirakomeretsa. Uyu mugabo asanga ngo iperereza ryarirengagije undi muntu washoboraga gukekwa, Major Evariste Nyampame, wari utuye ku gikari cyo kwa Sisi Evariste.
Urubanza rutangira, Neretse “yakekwagaho” icyaha cya jenoside. Ni ukuvuga ko aha urukiko rwasigaranye ikibazo cyo kugaragaza no kwemeza ko abishwe bose hari hagambiriwe kurimbura ubwoko bw’abatutsi. Aha byabaye ngombwa ngo inyangamugayo ziha agaciro ubuhamya burimo amagambo Neretse yivugiye ubwe, arimo ko ari ngombwa “guhiga abatutsi aho bihishe hose mu misozi”, cyangwa amabwiriza yahaye interahamwe ko ngo “nta mpamvu yo kwivuna mucukura imyobo yo guhambamo abatutsi, bose mubajugunye muri Nyabarongo.” Kubera izo mpamvu zo gushaka kurimbura abatutsi, urukiko rwanzuye ko Neretse ahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside.
Neretse Fabien yahamijwe uruhare rwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994 n’ibyaha by’intambara (Ifoto/Ububiko)
Yashibukanywe n’umutego mutindi!
Mu rubanza rwe, Neretse yari yavuze byinshi byiza mu rwego rwo kwiburana. Hari abatutsi yakijije. Yari inshuti magara y’umuryangoi wa Sisi Evariste, wanabashakiye inzu iruhande rwabo ngo baturane.
Nta mbaraga yari afite mu ishyaka rya MRND, ryari ryaramwirukanye mu kazi. Ibi byose, nubwo bitanyuze urukiko, ariko byashoboraga kubatera urujijo. Kugeza Neretse ubwe yitega umutego, agashyikiriza urukiko icyemezo kimushinjura, cyanditswe na Jean-Paul Mpendwanzi, umuhungu wa nyakwigendera Yozefu Mpendwanzi, ndetse cyometseho na kopi y’indangamuntu ye! Cyagiraga kiti “Bwana Neretse Fabiani, jye niyemeje kukurenganura kubera ko nzi neza ko urengana…”
Nyamara, mu buhamya bwe yahaye urukiko, nyakwandika iki cyemezo yahakanye yivuye inyuma ko iyi nyandiko atari iye, ko atashoboraga gukora ikintu nk’icyo, mu gihe we ubwe yariboneye n’amaso ye ifatwa rya se n’interahamwe zitwawe na Neretse ubwe.
Ubwo Perezida w’urukiko yamubazaga kuri iki cyemezo, Neretse yemeye ko yagishyikirijwe “n’abantu bo mu Rwanda” adashobora kuvuga amazina kubera umutekano wabo. Iki gisubizo cyatumye urukiko rwose rugwa mu kantu!
Mu myanzuro yabo, abunganira abahohotewe na bo ntibatinye kubigaya cyane no kubyita “ibikorwa bya gisambo (Pratiques mafieuses)”. Umwe muri bo, Michèle Hirsch, yagize ati “twumvise uburyo bwo kwiregura nakwita ko bwamamaza jenoside. Abatangabuhamya bateguwe n’uregwa mbere yo gutanga ubuhamya bwabo. Ntihabaye kugura abatangabuhamya gusa, habayeho no kubatera ubwoba, kubotsa igitutu n’inyandiko mpimbano.”
Uru ni rwo rubanza rwa mbere ruburanishirijwe mu gihugu cy’u Bubiligi ku cyaha cya jenoside. Ni bwo bwa mbere umunyarwanda ahamijwe kandi ahaniwe jenoside. Byasabye jugujugu y’ibyumweru 6 by’iburanisha, kugira ngo humvwe abatangabuhamya basaga 100 mu masaha arenga 48, kugira ngo inyangamugayo zisuzume zinemeze ko Neretse ahamwa n’ibyaha, mbere y’uko urukiko rwemeza kiriya gifungo cy’imyaka 25.
Nta bujurire! Keretse imbere y’Urukiko rusesa imanza, mu minsi itarenze 15, na bwo mu gihe haba hari amategeko atarubahirijwe, cyangwa se imbere y’Urukiko rw’u Burayi rw’uburenganzira bwa muntu, rutigeze rugira icyo ruhindura ku cyemezo nk’iki cyafashwe n’Urukiko rwa Rubanda mu manza enye z’abandi banyarwanda bakoze jenoside mu 1994.
Inkuru ya Bwiza.com yanditswe na Sehene Ruvugiro
