Inyanya ni imboga zikundwa na benshi. Kuzihinga bisaba ubwitonzi kuko zikundwa n’udukoko twinshi. Ibi bisaba kuzitera umuti. Gutera umuti na byo bisaba ubwitonzi, kuko bidakozwe neza bigira ingaruka ku bantu. Kugira ngo ziribwe nta ngaruka ni uko zimboga kuba zatewe umuti nibura mbere ho iminsi 15 kugira ngo zisarurwe.
Ibi Abanyamakuru bo mu bitangazamakuru bitandukanye mu Rwanda babisobanuriwe ubwo bari mu mahugurwa y’iminsi itanu, yabereye i Musanze ku itariki ya 11-15 Gashyantare 2024. Basobanuriwe ibyiza byo gukoresha siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi hagamijwe kuzamura umusaruro, kwirinda uburwayi bw’ibihingwa, ubw’amatungo ndetse no kurengera ibidikikije.
Ubuhinzi bw’inyanya bugarukwaho cyane kuko 33% by’umusaruro w’inyanya bitakara buri mwaka, kandi bigasaba umuti mwinshi ushobora no kugira ingaruka ku bantu.
Dr. Athanase Nduwumuremyi, umukozi mu kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe iterambere ry’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi (RAB) akaba n’umushakshatsi, mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, avuga ko ijanisha rigera kuri 33% by’umusaruro w’inyanya utakara buri mwaka.
Avuga ko umuti batera ku nyanya kugira ngo zitangirika ari mubi cyane, kuko ushobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu, cyane cyane izihunikwa mu bigega zatewe umuti.
Akomeza agira inama abahinzi ko mbere yo gusarura inyanya bakwiye kuba bamaze gutera umuti nibura mbere y’iminsi 15 kugira ngo zisarurwe.
Dr Nduwumuremyi atanga inama ko ibihingwa byahinduriwe utunyangingo (GMO: Genetically Modified Organism), ari uburyo ari uburyo bwo gukora imbuto bakazihindura mu buryo bwihuse, hakaboneka imbuto nshyashya ishobora guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe ndetse n’indwara zifata ibihingwa.
Agira ati “Dukoresheje uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga, hashobora kuboneka imbuto zibikika igihe kirekire cyangwa zera byinshi, zihanganira indwara kandi zikihanganira n’igihe kibi, bityo ntiziterwe n’imiti myinshi”.
Dr. Nduwumuremyi akangurira abahinzi gushaka isoko kare, bakamenya ko basarura zihita zijya ku isoko inyanya zitabikika ariko kandi hakeneye kweza byinshi gusumba ibyera uyu munsi.
Mu gihe Abanyarwanda bakomeza kwiyongera kandi ubutaka butiyongera, Dr. Athanase Nduwumuremyi asanga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya GMO, hakorwa imbuto zera byinshi, ni ukuvuga ko imbuto yihanganira indwara, ikihanganira ikirere kibi, nta kabuza haboneka umusaruro uruta uboneka uyu munsi.
Agira ati “Nk’uko dufite ubutaka bukeya, ariko Abanyarwanda bakaba biyongera cyane, dukeneye kweza byinshi gusumba ibisanzwe. Tugomba rero gushaka uburyo twongera ibiryo, twongera umusaruro, ku buso bwacu butoya dukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rishoboka ryose, ibiryo biboneke tubashe kubagaburira”.
Dr. Nduwumuremyi yagaragaje ko ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, rishobora kuba kimwe mu bisubizo byatuma Abanyarwanda bihaza mu biribwa mu gihe kiri imbere.
Bimwe mu bihugu bikoresha ubwo buryo ngo nta kibazo cy’ibiryo bafite, ingero ni nka Afurika y’Epfo ndetse na Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Pacifique Nshimiyimana, umunyamuryango wa Alliance for Science Rwanda, umuryango w’abanyarwanda ukora kandi ukamamaza ikoreshwa rya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga mu gukemura ibibazo biri mu buhinzi, mu buzima ndete n’ibidukikije, agaruka kuri byinshi muri iri koranabuhanga.
Agira ati “Iryo koranabuhanga rifite igisubizo tutabonaga mu bundi buryo twakoreshaga, harimo nko kuba bafata igihingwa cyari gifite ibibazo nk’indwara ikibangamiye cyane, bakaba bashobora guha icyo gihingwa ubushobozi butuma iyo ndwara idakomeza kukibangamira”.
Ibinyabuzima byahinduriwe utunyangingo (GMO) bikorwa mu rwego rwo kongera umusaruro, guha ibyo bihingwa ububasha bwo kwihanganira indwara, izuba, imihindahurikire y’ibihe n’ibindi. Iri koranabuhanga rimaze imyaka irenga 30 rikoreshwa.
Iryo koranabuhanga rihagarariwe n’umushinga wa OFAB (Open Forum on Agriculture Biotechnology) ukorera mu bihugu bitandukanye muri Afurika, birimo Burkina Faso, Ghana, Tanzania, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Mozambique, Malawi n’u Rwanda.
Christopher Karenzi
