Panorama
Ku wa 7 Ugushyingo 2024, Umuyobozi Nshingwabikorwa w’Akarere Ka Kicukiro, Antoine Mutsinzi, yarahije abanyamahanga 72 bahawe ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda, barimo umunyamakuru Eugene Anangwe umenyerewe mu biganiro by’icyongereza kuri Televiziyo y’u Rwanda.
Nk’uko Kigali Today dukesha iyi nkuru yabitangaje, abahawe ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda barimo Umunyamakuru Eugene Anangwe wakoreye ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye birimo RBA, CNBC na East Africa Media Group.
Mu butumwa yanyujije ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ze, Anangwe yagaragaje ko atewe ishema no kuba Umunyarwanda, nyuma yo guhabwa ubwenegihugu.
Agira ati “Rwanda nziza gihugu cyacu, ngobyi iduhetse gahorane ishya. Berwa, sugira, singizwa iteka. Urakoze Rwanda, ndi hano kugira ngo ngukorere, nkurinde n’imbaraga zanjye zose. Kuri Nyakubahwa Perezida Kagame, ni iby’icyubahiro kuba mpawe ubwenegihugu. Baca umugani mu Kinyarwanda ngo, ushonje uhishiwe.”
Anangwe yashimiye inzego zamufashije anavuga ko ari umuturage utewe ishema no kuba Umunyarwanda.
Eugene Anagwe yageze mu Rwanda 2008 akaba yaravukiye muri Kenya ari na ho yigiye amashuri ye, hanyuma aza gukorera umwuga w’itangazamakuri mu Rwanda kuri RBA.
Itegeko Ngenga rishya rigenga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda ryasohotse mu igazeti ya Leta ku wa 28 Nyakanga 2021, ririmo impinduka zigaragaza ko abahabwa amahirwe yo kubuhabwa ari benshi ugereranyije n’uko byari bimeze mu itegeko ryaribanjirije.
Ubusanzwe ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda, ni isano umuntu afitanye n’u Rwanda ituruka ku kuba afite inkomoko mu Rwanda cyangwa afite ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa.
Itegeko Ngenga ryo ku wa 16 Nyakanga 2021, rigenga ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda risimbura iryo ku wa 25 Nyakanga 2008. Rifungura imiryango ku banyamahanga bashaka kuba Abanyarwanda ku mpamvu zirimo ishoramari, impano z’umwihariko zikenewe mu gihugu, icyubahiro n’ibindi.
Perezida Paul Kagame agaruka ku kibazo cy’itangwa ry’ubwenegihugu, mu nama yaguye ya Komite Nyobozi ya FPR Inkotanyi muri Nzeri 2020, yavuze ko abantu bakeneye ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda badakwiye kubwimwa igihe bafite ubushake bwo gufatanya n’abandi kubaka igihugu.
Ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda, uko bubonwa n’icyo bumarira ubuhawe
Uwemerewe gusaba ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda ni umunyamahanga ufite imyaka cumi n’umunani (18) no kuzamura, uba mu Rwanda cyangwa mu mahanga wujuje ibisabwa byose nk’uko biteganywa n’itegeko rigena ibijyanye n’ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda.
Ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda buboneka mu buryo butandukanye nko kuba waravukiye ku butaka bw’u Rwanda, ubwenegihugu bw’inkomoko, ubwenegihugu buturuka ku gushyingiranwa n’ubuturuka ku kugirwa Umunyarwanda.
Hari kandi ubwenegihugu buturuka ku kugira umwana utabyaye (w’Umunyamahanga) uwawe (adoption), Ubwenegihugu buzanwa no kongera kubusubirana (Recovery of Rwandan nationality) n’ibindi.
Icyo amategeko ateganya ku gusaba ubweneguhugu
Gusaba ubwenegihugu binyura ku biro bikuru bishinzwe abinjira n’abasohoka, ashobora no kujya ku biro bishinzwe abinjira n’abasohoka mu karere atuyemo. Mu gihe usaba ubwenegihugu ari mu mahanga, ageza ubusabe bwe kuri Ambasade y’u Rwanda mu gihugu aherereyemo.
Ubusabe bwo kubona ubwenegihugu bumara amezi atatu, bukishyurwa amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi bitanu, cyangwa se amafaranga y’amahanga ahwanye na yo.
Umunyamahanga wavukiye mu Rwanda usaba ubwenegihugu asabwa ibi bikurikira:
Nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 8 y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 30/2008 ryo ku wa 25/07/2008 ryerekeye ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda, hari ibisabwa umunyamahanga wavukiye mu Rwanda usaba ubwenegihugu.
Icyemezo cy’amavuko/icyemezo kiriho umwirondoro w’usaba ubwenegihugu, inyandiko yemeza ko ababyeyi b’usaba bari batuye mu Rwanda avuka, icyemezo cy’uko atakatiwe n’inkiko, fotokopi ya pasiporo niba ayifite.
Hari kandi icyemezo cy’uko yiyandikishije nk’umunyamahanga, niba asigaye atuye mu Rwanda, fotokopi y’icyemezo cyo gutura (Copy of residence permit), inyandiko igaragaza ko yishyuye amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi bitanu (5.000Frw) adasubizwa, yishyurwa kuri konti z’ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe imisoro n’amahoro (RRA), amafoto abiri magufi afite inyuma hera kandi yafashwe mu gihe cya vuba, umwirondoro urambuye w’usaba n’ikindi cyose cyemeza ko usaba ubwenegihugu yavukiye mu Rwanda.
Ibisabwa usaba ubwenegihugu ukomoka mu Rwanda
Nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 6 n’iya 7 z’Itegeko Ngenga ryavuzwe haruguru, ibisabwa umunyamahanga wavukiye mu Rwanda, ni icyemezo cy’amavuko, Inyandiko yemeza ko umuryango w’usaba ubwenegihugu wari utuye ahantu hazwi mu Rwanda, Ubuhamya bw’Abanyarwanda batatu bemeza ko bazi ko uwo muntu akomoka mu Rwanda.
Hari kandi inyandiko igaragaza ko yishyuye amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi bitanu (5.000Frw) adasubizwa, yishyurwa ku Kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imisoro n’amahoro (RRA), amafoto abiri magufa afite inyuma hera kandi yafashwe mu gihe cya vuba, umwirondoro w’usaba.
Ibisabwa usaba ubwenegihugu buturuka ku gushyingiranwa
Umunyamahanga washyingiranywe n’Umunyarwanda yemerewe gusaba no guhabwa ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda, igihe yanyuze mu nzira zagenwe n’ingingo ya 11 y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru.
Ibyo asabwa ni icyemezo cy’amavuko, icyemezo cy’ugushyingiranwa, icyemezo cy’uko atakatiwe n’inkiko, fotokopi ya pasiporo, fotokopi y’uruhushya rwo gutura kandi rufite agaciro (Copy of valid residence permit), ibyemezo by’amavuko by’abana b’umwe mu bashakanye utari umunyarwanda bavutse mbere yo gushyingiranwa niba hari abahari.
Hari kandi inyandiko igaragaza ko yishyuye amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi bitanu (5.000Frw) adasubizwa, yishyurwa kuri konti z’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imisoro n’amahoro (RRA), amafoto abiri magufi afite inyuma hera kandi yafashwe mu gihe cya vuba.
Uyu muntu agomba gutanga icyemezo cy’uko uwo bashakanye amaze imyaka itatu babana, icyo cyemezo gitangwa n’umwanditsi w’irangamimerere w’aho basezeraniye cyangwa aho atuye; fotokopi y’indangamuntu y’umwe mu bashakanye yo ku munsi basezeranyeho cyangwa ikindi kigaragaza ko afite ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda n’Imyirondoro y’abashakanye bombi.
Asabwa kandi ubuhamya bw’abantu nibura batatu, bazi ko umwe muri abo bashakanye yaba umugore cyangwa umugabo ari umunyarwanda (aho batuye, icyo bakora, uko babanye na numero ya telefoni).
Ibisabwa umunyamahanga usaba kugirwa Umunyarwanda (naturalization)
Ingingo ya 13 n’iya 14 z’itegeko ngenga n° 30/2008 ryo ku wa 25/07/2008 zivuga ko umuntu asabwa kugaragaza icyemezo cy’amavuko, ibyemezo by’amavuko by’abana be bafite munsi y’imyaka cumi n’umunani (18), Kopi ya Pasiporo na Kopi y’uruhushya rwo gutura (Copy of residence permit).
Asabwa kandi icyemezo kigaragaza ibyo akora mu gihugu. Icyo cyemezo kigatangwa n’Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere akoreramo. Atanga kandi icyemezo cy’uko atakatiwe n’inkiko, inyandiko igaragaza ko yishyuye amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi bitanu (5.000Frw), adasubizwa, yishyurwa kuri konti z’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imisoro n’amahoro (RRA).
Asabwa kandi kwerekana amafoto abiri magufi afite inyuma hera kandi yafashwe mu gihe cya vuba, Umwirondoro no kuba yaratuye mu Rwanda imyaka itanu yikurikiranya.
Ibisabwa usaba ubwenegihugu buturutse ku kugira umwana utabyaye uwawe (Nationality by adoption)
Ingingo ya 12 y’Itegeko ngenga ryavuzwe haruguru, ivuga ko uyu muntu asabwa kwerekana icyemezo cy’amavuko n’icyemezo cy’uko kugira umwana utabyaye uwawe byakozwe. Icyo cyemezo gitangwa n’Ubuyobozi bubifitiye ububasha. Utanga kandi Kopi y’indangamuntu y’Umunyarwanda wahawe uburenganzira bwo kugira umwana atabyaye uwe (adopter).
Iyo usaba ubwenegihugu yamaze kubwemererwa, habaho umuhango wo kurahira, ariko uwabonye ubwenegihugu binyuze mu kugirwa Umunyarwanda (naturalization), abanza kwishyura amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi ijana (100,000Frw) cyangwa se andi mafaranga y’amahanga afite agaciro kayo.
Abasaba ubwenegihugu ariko bafite inkomoko mu Rwanda bo ntibabanza kurahira, nta n’amafaranga bishyura.
Inyandiko zisaba ubwenegihugu zigomba kuba ziri mu ndimi zemewe zikoreshwa mu Rwanda.
Uburenganzira n’inshingano by’uwahawe ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda
Ingingo ya 5 y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 30/2008 ryo ku wa 25/07/2008 ryerekeye ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda, ivuga ko bitabangamiye Itegeko Nshinga n’andi mategeko yihariye, umuntu wese uhawe ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda nk’uko biteganywa n’amategeko, afite uburenganzira n’inshingano byose by’Umunyarwanda uhereye igihe abuherewe.
Ni ryari uwahawe ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda ashobora kubwamburwa?
Ingingo ya 19 y’Itegeko Ngenga n° 30/2008 ryo ku wa 25/07/2008, ivuga ko ntawe ushobora kwamburwa ubwenegihugu nyarwanda bw’inkomoko.
Icyakora umuntu ashobora kwamburwa ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda butangwa, iyo yahawe cyangwa yasubiranye ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda ku buryo buteganyijwe n’amategeko, ariko akoresheje amayeri, imvugo ibeshya, inyandiko irimo ikinyoma, cyangwa igize icyo iyobamo, ruswa yo kugura umwe mu bagize uruhare mu mihango yubahirizwa cyangwa ubundi buriganya. Iyo yasabye kandi agahabwa ubwenegihugu Nyarwanda agambiriye kugirira nabi Igihugu.
Uretse ibiteganyijwe mu gice cya mbere cy’igika cya 2 cy’iyi ngingo, ubwenegihugu ntibushobora kwamburwa iyo bishobora gutuma ubwatswe asigara nta bwenegihugu afite.
