Ibitekerezo
By Patrice NSENGIYUMVA Rwanda’s agricultural transformation has long been cited as one of the country’s most powerful development success stories. From sweet potatoes in...
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- Amakuru
BNR Igiye Kwicara Irebe Uko Ubukungu Buhagaze
Pariki Y’Akagera Yishimira Umusaruro Yagize Umwaka Wa 2025
Perezida Tshisekedi na Lourenço batanga impuruza ku kwihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’igenzura ry’agahenge muri RDC
Ubwenge Buhangano Burakoreshwa Mu Kwiba Abantu Babeshywa Urukundo
Perezida Ndayishimiye Agiye Kuyobora Afurika Yunze Ubumwe
- Rwanda
Perezida Tshisekedi na Lourenço batanga impuruza ku kwihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’igenzura ry’agahenge muri RDC
Kagame Yashimiye Minisitiri W’Intebe Wa Barbados Wongeye Gutorerwa Kuyiyobora
Karongi: Abatuye Umurenge Wa Twumba Bahize Kurinda Abana Igwingira
Rwanda: Ingo Icyenda Mu Icumi Zitunze Radiyo
Kayonza: Hagiye Kubakwa Icyuzi Kizagabanya Amapfa
- Akarere
Nairobi to host World Health Summit’s Regional
Umunyamabanga Mukuru wungirije wa Loni yaba ari muri DRC
Kenya’s Research-to-Commercialization Programme helps universities to create over 400 Jobs
DRC: Imirwano Ya FARDC N’Inyeshyamba Za Bakata Yaguyemo Abantu Umunani
Kenya to Host Next Global Conservation Tech & Drone Forum
- Afurika
- Ahandi
Canada: Minisitiri w’intebe yakurikiranye urubanza ku bwicanyi bwahitanye abanyeshuri n’umwarimu
Bangladesh Nationalist Party igarutse ku butegetsi nyuma y’imyaka hafi 20
Australia: Igitero Cyagabwe Ku Bari Bitabiriye Umunsi W’Abayahudi Cyaguyemo 12
Inkubi Ikomeye Yugarije Abaturage Ba Philippines
Afghanistan: Abantu 20 Bishwe N’Umutingito
- Ubukungu
U Bushinwa buvanyeho imisoro ku bicuruzwa biva muri Afurika
African Mining Week 2026 Puts African Mining at the Center of Global Supply Chains
Rwanda receives high-genetic-merit bulls to scale up bovine artificial insemination
Bank of Kigali Partners with REWU to Advance Financial Inclusion in Mining Workforce
Electricity Access Reaches 85.4% Up from 64.53% Five Years Ago
- Iterambere
Electricity Access Reaches 85.4% Up from 64.53% Five Years Ago
Mu myaka itanu ishize ingo zigera kuri 85.4% bahawe guhabwa amashanyarazi bavuye kuri 64.53%
Rwanda to improve how the country handles rapid urban growth
Rwamagana: Abaturage bamaze kugerwaho n’amashanyarazi ku gipimo cya 86 ku ijana
Rwamagana: Next two years every household will have to access to electricity
- Ibikorwaremezo
Electricity Access Reaches 85.4% Up from 64.53% Five Years Ago
Mu myaka itanu ishize ingo zigera kuri 85.4% bahawe guhabwa amashanyarazi bavuye kuri 64.53%
Rwanda to improve how the country handles rapid urban growth
Rwamagana: Abaturage bamaze kugerwaho n’amashanyarazi ku gipimo cya 86 ku ijana
Rwamagana: Next two years every household will have to access to electricity
- Ubucukuzi
African Mining Week 2026 Puts African Mining at the Center of Global Supply Chains
Bank of Kigali Partners with REWU to Advance Financial Inclusion in Mining Workforce
Musanze: Hatangiye kubakwa icyanya cyahariwe ubucuruzi bw’ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa
Mu Rwanda habonetse uduce dushya turimo amabuye yagaciro
Hashyizwe hanze igitabo nyobozi ku bice byavumbuwemo amabuye y’agaciro mu Rwanda
- Ubucuruzi
U Bushinwa buvanyeho imisoro ku bicuruzwa biva muri Afurika
Women-Led Households in 10 Districts Receive Free Electricity
Hagiye kubakwa uruganda rutunganya ibikomoka ku mpu
Abaguzi basabye fagitire za EBM bahawe agahimbazamusyi ka miliyoni 464Frw kuri TVA
Bamwe mu bacuruza mu mafaranga y’amahanga bashyiriweho ibihano bikakaye
- Ubuhinzi
Food commodity price movement in Africa
African leaders urge major investment in agriculture to spur continental growth
AfDB to partner to boost Gabiro Agribusiness Hub activities
Hwatangije uburyo bushya bwo gushora imari mu buhinzi
Hatangijwe uburyo bushya bwo gushora mu bihinzi buhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe
- Ubworozi
First ever large-scale climate funding targets low-emission, climate-resilient dairy systems in East Africa
Amata Y’Ifu Y’Inyange Yashyizwe Mu Dusashi Ku Biciro Bishya
Nyagatare: Bamenye agaciro ko kurya inyama y’ifi
Nyagatare: Hatangiye igikorwa cyo gukingira inka indwara y’igifuruto n’uburenge
Gicumbi: Ubworozi bw’isazi bwamukuye mu bukene
- Abagore
Jeannette Kagame ashimirwa ubudacogora ashyira mu guteza imbere umuryango
Akazi mugiye mo muzaba muhagarariye igihugu _DIGP Vincent Sano abwira abapolisi bagiye muri Centrafrique
Nyaruguru: Abakora ubucuruzi bwambukiranya umupaka basabwa kubahiriza amategeko
“Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ni kimwe mu bidindiza iterambere ry’abagore n’abakobwa”
The role of beauty makeup and its social impact in Rwanda
- Ibidukikije
Mara Elephant Project Partners with Global Conservation Forum on Wildlife Tech
Amazi: Ikinyabutabire Gifatiye Runini Isi N’Ibiyituye
Toward Affordable, Sustainable, and Climate-Resilient Household Water in Rwanda
Global Climate-Livestock Conference Comes to Africa for the First Time
Imyiteguro y’umunsi wo Kwita izina ku nshuro ya 20 irarimbanyije (Amafoto)
- Umurimo
Bank of Kigali Partners with REWU to Advance Financial Inclusion in Mining Workforce
Mu bigo bito n’ibiciriritse mu bwubatsi n’ubucukuzi haravugwa ibibazo bijyanye n’ubuzima n’umutekano mu kazi
CESTRAR irashima intambwe imaze guterwa mu kurengera umukozi
Mining workers appeal for workplace safety and health for more miners
RDA: Vacant post of Recovery Officer, contract of one year renewable
- Amategeko
Mining workers appeal for workplace safety and health for more miners
What do you think about the big number of divorce here in Rwanda?
Hifuzwa umushaharafatizo ku bakora imirimo y’isuku n’isukura
Sosiyete Sivile irakebura Guverinoma ku byemezo yafashe birebana n’umurimo
MTN iravugwaho guhuguza bamwe mu ba “Agents” bayikorera
- Sendika
Bank of Kigali Partners with REWU to Advance Financial Inclusion in Mining Workforce
CESTRAR irashima intambwe imaze guterwa mu kurengera umukozi
Rwanda’s mining workers claim fair pay and safer conditions amid industry reforms
Rwanda to create 1.2m jobs in five years as it praises role of trade unions
Ijambo rya CESTRAR rijyanye n’umunsi mpuzamahanga w’umurimo 2023
- Imikino
Ikipe Yo Muri DRC Yaje Gukina Mu Rwanda Yatsinzwe
APR na Kiyovu zihuriye mu nzira y’igikombe cy’amahoro
Gushidikanya ku myiteguro y’ibihugu bizakira AFCON 2027 bishobora gutuma ryigizwa inyuma
Hamilton agaragaza impungenge ko Amategeko mashya ya F1 agoye cyane
Joan Laporta yeguye ku buyobozi bwa FC Barcelone
- Amagare
Umunya Espagne N’Umunyarwandakazi Begukanye Umunsi Wa Mbere Wa ‘Kirehe Race 2025’
Umufaransakazi yegukanye umwanya wa mbere mu isiganwa ry’abatarengeje imyaka 23
#Kigali: Umusuwisi n’Umubiligi begukanye umunsi wa mbere wa Shampiyona y’Isi y’Amagare
Kigali: Shampiyona y’isi y’umukino wo gusiganwa ku magare yashyize impinduka mu mikorere y’akazi
Nsengiyumva Bernard watwaye Tour du Rwanda mu 2001 yitabye Imana
- Basketball
NBA Africa announces five prize-winning startups at its second accelerator demo day
Menya ubuhangange bwa LA Clippers na LA Rams zinjiye muri Visit Rwanda
Visit Rwanda yerekeje muri Siporo ya Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika
Visit Rwanda expends to USA Sports
Rwanda’s James Opio set to thrill the Kigali crowd
- Football
- Indi mikino
Hamilton agaragaza impungenge ko Amategeko mashya ya F1 agoye cyane
Nelly Mukazayire Yahaye Umukoro Ikipe Y’Igihugu Ya Handball
Kanangire Christian na Rutabingwa Fernand begukanye Huye Rally 2025
Kinyinya: Abaturage bifurije Perezida Paul Kagame isabukuru nziza
Bruce Melody and Dj Niny to perform at PFL Africa Semifinals in Rwanda
- Imyidagaduro
Babwire bose ko muramu wanyu agiye kuza _Lugumi uvugwa mu mizi y’urukundo na Miss Jolly
Umunyarwenya Teacher Mpamire ukunda kugaragara nka Perezida Museveni ashima cyane Perezida Kagame
Hateguwe igitaramo cyo Kwizihiza ubutwari bw’Inkotanyi ”Urw’Intwali”
Coach Gael yaba agiye gukura amarafanga ye mu muziki Nyarwanda
DJ Ira yarahiriye ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda
- Ibitaramo
Umunyarwenya Teacher Mpamire ukunda kugaragara nka Perezida Museveni ashima cyane Perezida Kagame
Hateguwe igitaramo cyo Kwizihiza ubutwari bw’Inkotanyi ”Urw’Intwali”
Umuhanzi Kidumu arataramana n’abanyakigali kuri Saint Valentin
Kidum Kibido na Africa Nova bakoze agashya ku rubyiniro muri Ottawa
Kidum Kibido na Orchestre ye Boda Boda Band bahaye Abanyakanada UBUNANI
- Imideri
- Indirimbo
Coach Gael yaba agiye gukura amarafanga ye mu muziki Nyarwanda
Intore Massamba yabanje mu njyana za Reggae na Zouk
Umuhanzi Kitoko Bibarwa na Nero banenzwe ko biyitiriye indirimbo za Bikorimana André
Bujumbura: Natacha La Number agiye gususurutsa abakunzi be mu minsi mikuru
Indirimbo “Umbamwo” ya Esther Nish abayireba bageze kuri Miliyoni
- Izindi nkuru
Nyagatare: Ababyeyi barashima icibwa ry’amacumbi yashoraga abana mu ngeso mbi
Africa heading for a continental breakup
Toward Affordable, Sustainable, and Climate-Resilient Household Water in Rwanda
Global Climate-Livestock Conference Comes to Africa for the First Time
Ubwirakabiri Bwuzuye: Ukwezi kwabaye nk’ukurimo amaraso
- Ibitekerezo
Iki gihe inkwano igenwa na nde
From Kigali to the Congo Basin: Aimable Twahirwa’s path in environmental journalism
Dr Ryarasa Nkurunziza arakomoza ku Itegeko rishya rigenga ikoreshwa ry’umuhanda
Christmas Calling for Peace: A Global Appeal to End Wars Through Unity
War Versus Peace: The True Cost Paid by Ordinary People “No to War, Yes to Peace”
- Abantu
Iki gihe inkwano igenwa na nde
From Kigali to the Congo Basin: Aimable Twahirwa’s path in environmental journalism
War Versus Peace: The True Cost Paid by Ordinary People “No to War, Yes to Peace”
Guerre contre Paix : Le Véritable Prix Payé par les Gens Ordinaires «Non à la Guerre, Oui à la Paix»
Sadate Munyakazi mu cyivugo cya Mituweli
- Ijambo ry’Ibanze
- Isesengura
Iki gihe inkwano igenwa na nde
Dr Ryarasa Nkurunziza arakomoza ku Itegeko rishya rigenga ikoreshwa ry’umuhanda
Christmas Calling for Peace: A Global Appeal to End Wars Through Unity
War Versus Peace: The True Cost Paid by Ordinary People “No to War, Yes to Peace”
Guerre contre Paix : Le Véritable Prix Payé par les Gens Ordinaires «Non à la Guerre, Oui à la Paix»
- Ubuzima
Musanze: Yishwe N’Inzoga ‘Y’Icyuma’
Siemens Healthineers and Rwanda Ministry of Health in Partnership to Transform National Healthcare System
Psorisis ni indwara itandura ariko ishobora guteza ubundi burwayi
Ingabire Marie Immaculée Wayoboraga Transparency yatabarutse azize Uburwayi
Minisitiri w’ubuzima araburira abantu bamara umwanya munini bicaye
- Urubyiruko
Urubyiruko rushishikarizwa kugerageza amahirwe muri Africa Business Heroes
Youthconnekt transforms former street child’s business
Gusigasira indangagaciro y’amahoro n’urukundo byabahinduye abo kwifuzwa muri rubanda
Nyamagabe: Ibibazo bibangamiye urubyiruko byagarutsweho mu marushanwa y’ubuhanzi n’ubugeni
Hakenewe uruhare rwa buri Munyarwanda mu gufasha ababaswe n’ibiyobyabwenge
- Ubukerarugendo
Abana 40 b’ingagi bgiye kwitwa amazina
Kenya: Hyatt Launches the First Dual Branded Project in Africa
Nyaruguru : Une maison du tourisme professionnel bientôt ouverte
Sobanukirwa impamvu ku kibuye cya Shari ari ahantu ndangamurage
2023: Ubukerarugendo bwinjirije u Rwanda Miliyoni 445 z’amadolari ya Amerika
- Ubutabera
Karongi: Bategereje ubutabera bwuzuye nyuma y’ubujurire bwa Muhayimana
Nyamasheke: Cyamunara y’umutungo utimukanwa ubaruye kuri UPI: 3/07/10/01/2261 (Sqm: 106); mu murenge wa Macuba, Akagari ka Gatare, Umudugudu wa Kayenzi
Nyamasheke: Cyamunara y’umutungo utimukanwa ubaruye kuri UPI: 3/07/05/04/6103 (Sqm: 514); mu murenge wa Kagano, Akagari ka Rwesero, Umudugudu wa Gasharu
Gisagara: Cyamunara y’ubutaka bunini buteyeho ikawa bubaruye kuri UPI: 2/02/07/04/4737 (Sqm 51,071); Umurenge wa Muganza, Akagari ka Rwamiko, Umudugudu w’Agatovu
Rusizi: Cyamunara y’umurima uteyemo ishyamba ubaruye kuri UPI: 3/06/14/02/8483 (Sqm: 5,620); mu murenge wa Nkungu, Akagari ka Kiziguro, Umudugudu wa Kabuga
- Amategeko
Nyamasheke: Cyamunara y’umutungo utimukanwa ubaruye kuri UPI: 3/07/10/01/2261 (Sqm: 106); mu murenge wa Macuba, Akagari ka Gatare, Umudugudu wa Kayenzi
Nyamasheke: Cyamunara y’umutungo utimukanwa ubaruye kuri UPI: 3/07/05/04/6103 (Sqm: 514); mu murenge wa Kagano, Akagari ka Rwesero, Umudugudu wa Gasharu
Gisagara: Cyamunara y’ubutaka bunini buteyeho ikawa bubaruye kuri UPI: 2/02/07/04/4737 (Sqm 51,071); Umurenge wa Muganza, Akagari ka Rwamiko, Umudugudu w’Agatovu
Rusizi: Cyamunara y’umurima uteyemo ishyamba ubaruye kuri UPI: 3/06/14/02/8483 (Sqm: 5,620); mu murenge wa Nkungu, Akagari ka Kiziguro, Umudugudu wa Kabuga
Kicukiro: Cyamunara y’imodoka n’ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye bya KASESE distillers Ltd biri mu murenge wa Gahanga, Akagari ka Gahanga, Umudugudu wa Rwinika
- Imanza
Nyamasheke: Cyamunara y’umutungo utimukanwa ubaruye kuri UPI: 3/07/10/01/2261 (Sqm: 106); mu murenge wa Macuba, Akagari ka Gatare, Umudugudu wa Kayenzi
Nyamasheke: Cyamunara y’umutungo utimukanwa ubaruye kuri UPI: 3/07/05/04/6103 (Sqm: 514); mu murenge wa Kagano, Akagari ka Rwesero, Umudugudu wa Gasharu
Gisagara: Cyamunara y’ubutaka bunini buteyeho ikawa bubaruye kuri UPI: 2/02/07/04/4737 (Sqm 51,071); Umurenge wa Muganza, Akagari ka Rwamiko, Umudugudu w’Agatovu
Rusizi: Cyamunara y’umurima uteyemo ishyamba ubaruye kuri UPI: 3/06/14/02/8483 (Sqm: 5,620); mu murenge wa Nkungu, Akagari ka Kiziguro, Umudugudu wa Kabuga
Abatangabuhamya bashinje Muhayimana gutwara Interahamwe zajyaga kwica Abatutsi
- Ubumenyi
Africa heading for a continental breakup
U Rwanda na Singapore bahanye ikiganza ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’isoko rya “Karuboni”
Umuganga w’Umunyarwanda yavumbuye indwara nshya yo mu mutwe yibasira bamwe mu bubatse ingo
Biotechnology critical in addressing food insecurity in Africa as population grows
More than a Hundred fossils are discovered after 70 years
- Isanzure
- Ubumenyi
Africa heading for a continental breakup
U Rwanda na Singapore bahanye ikiganza ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’isoko rya “Karuboni”
Umuganga w’Umunyarwanda yavumbuye indwara nshya yo mu mutwe yibasira bamwe mu bubatse ingo
Biotechnology critical in addressing food insecurity in Africa as population grows
More than a Hundred fossils are discovered after 70 years
- Utuntu n’utundi
Urushyi Will Smith yakubise Chris Rock rutumye Netflix imuhagarika
Menya bimwe mu byo ujya ukora ku mukunzi wawe utazi icyo bivuga
MUSEKEWEYA: Ishuri rya bose ridasaba minerivari
Kuryama utambaye byongera ibyishimo n’umutuzo
Karongi: Hari ahiswe ‘kuri Saint Valentin’ kubera uwahaguye arimo gutera akabariro
- Iyobokamana
Ubushinwa bwabonye Musenyeri wa mbere
Abakaridinali 180 binjiye mu mwiherero wo gutora Papa mushya
Chorale de Kigali yazirikanye ubusabe bw’abakunzi bayo mu gitaramo cyo kwizihiza Noheli
Rev Kabayiza Louis Pasteur yatorewe kuba Musenyeri wa EAR, Diyosezi ya Shyogwe
Is the Anglican Church of Rwanda on a path to revival again?
- Ibiterane
Abayobozi ba ADEPR bacaniwe urumuri ku miyoborere no gukemura amakimbirane
FINE Gospel irategura igitaramo kizatangirwamo mituweli
Korali Christus Vincit iramurika Alubumu ya mbere “Come all you who Thirst”
Itorero Restoration rirategura igiterane mpuzamahanga kizitabirwa n’urubyiruko rurenga 5000
Itorero UDEPR ryiyomoye kuri ADEPR rirategura igiterane
- Ibyigisho
- Indirimbo
Chorale de Kigali yazirikanye ubusabe bw’abakunzi bayo mu gitaramo cyo kwizihiza Noheli
Umuhanzi Jean Pierre Runyurana ahugiye mu guhanga indirimbo zihimbaza Imana
Choral Le Bon Berger yashyize hanze Amashusho y’indirimbo “Tugutaramire”
Korali Christus Vincit iramurika Alubumu ya mbere “Come all you who Thirst”
- amafoto
Burera: Kutagira amazi ku mashuri bituma Abanyeshuri bajyana n’abarimu kuvoma
Basketball: Amakipe ya REG araca amarenga yo kwegukana ibikombe (Amafoto yo ku wa 11/09/2022)
U Rwanda rwishimiye irekurwa ry’Abanyarwanda bari baafungiye muri Uganda
Rutsiro: Abantu 9 baburiye umwuka mu kirombe, babiri barapfa
Gasabo: Kwamamaza FPR Inkotanyi i Rusororo muri Rugende (Amafoto)
- Ubugeni
KISWAHILI passport to sustainable development
Umunya-Senegali Boubacar Boris Diop yamuritse igitabo kivuguruye yanditse kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi
Dorcy Rugamba yamurikiye muri Senegal igihangano yise “Ibyasigaye by’ikirenga” (Amafoto)
Gushyiraho Politiki y’iyandika ry’ibitabo, igisubizo ku ruganda rw’igitabo
Uko mbitekereza: “Guha agaciro Ikinyarwanda ni ukubaka ishingiro ry’u Rwanda twifuza”
- Inkuru zamamaza
Abantu
Panorama Umushakashatsi akaba n’umwanditsi w’ibitabo, Muramutsa Felix, yifashishije amateka n’inyandiko nyinshi z’abanditsi batandukanye zivuga ku bukwe nyarwanda, bose bagira aho batandukaniye ariko kandi bakagira...
Abantu
Panorama Aimable Twahirwa is a Central and West Africa staff writer at Mongabay, based in Kigali, Rwanda. He has worked as a journalist for...
Ibitekerezo
Ndemera kandi nshima intego z’iri tegeko rishya rigenga ikoreshwa ry’umuhanda, zirimo kurengera ubuzima, kongera inshingano n’uburyozwe, no kuvugurura imicungire y’umutekano wo mu muhanda mu...
Ibitekerezo
Sadate Munyakazi umenyerewe kuba Inshuti y’Urubyiruko ku mbugankoranyambaga ndetse n’ahandi hose atanga imbwirwaruhame, abinyujije ku rukuta rwe rwa X yagize ubutumwa ku mikoranire hagati...
Ibitekerezo
Opinion and analysis, by Patrice NSENGIYUMVA FSDS Global Peace Network – “Say No to War, Yes to Peace” As Washington releases its new peace...
Ibitekerezo
Analysis and Opinion by Nsengiyumva Patrice Continuing our series of articles for a more peaceful world, under the slogan “No to war, yes to...
Abantu
Umugabo wari rwiyemezamirimo yabwiye umukozi we wamwubakishirizaga amazu ati «Ndashaka ko unyubakira iyi nzu, dore igishushanyo mbonera.» Umukozi aragenda yiga inyigo y’igishushanyo mbonera, asanga...
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Analyse et opinion par Nsengiyumva Patrice Dans la poursuite de nos articles pour un monde plus paisible, sous notre slogan “ Non à la...
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Tribune d’opinion et analyse — par NSENGIYUMVA Patrice Cet article s’inscrit dans notre série d’analyses sur les conflits actuels, visant à plaider pour un...
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Opinion and Analysis, by NSENGIYUMVA Patrice This article is part of our ongoing analysis of current conflicts and wars, aiming to advocate for a...
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Tribune d’opinion et analyse — par NSENGIYUMVA Patrice De la Syrie, Ukraine, Gaza, Soudan à la République Démocratique du Congo: cinq terrains actifs de...
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Opinion piece and analysis -by Patrice Nsengiyumva From Syria, Ukraine, Gaza, and Sudan to the Democratic Republic of Congo, five active theatres of war...
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Editorial Team As Rwanda enters the final quarter of 2025, the country continues to shoulder a significant share of the region’s humanitarian burden. With...
Amakuru
Writer: Mr. MUGABE GRACE, a university lecturer, researcher, and religious communications expert Grate lakes Region The Anglican Communion which was at one time loved...
Ibitekerezo
The writer is Mr. Mugabe Grace, an international peace writer, Journalist, researcher and a university lecturer Denying the rights and peace to humanity has...
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Panorama Muri iki gihe ibibazo bibera muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, bijyanye n’intambara iri hagati y’Umutwe wa AFC/M23, haragenda hagaragaramo isura nshya abantu...
Abantu
Raoul Nshungu Hari imvugo iti “ibintu byagurumanye nk’amashara cyangwa ngo bikonje nk’isosi y’intama”. Icyo gihe baba bashaka kuvuga ikintu gitangirana umurindi mwinshi ariko ntikirambe....
