Mu gihe cy’urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda, ingabo z’Inkotanyi mu mutwe wa Rwanda Patriotic Army (RPA) zavugaga ikinyarwanda kandi cyumvikanira buri wese, baba abashyitsi banyuranye, cyangwa se abumvaga amaradiyo menshi, harimo na radiyo Muhabura y’Umuryango RPF -Inkotanyi.
Birumvikana ko hari bake cyane muri izo ngabo batashoboraga kuvuga ikinyarwanda neza, bamwe bakaba abanyarwanda bagorwa no gukurira mu mahanga, aho batatojwe ururimi gakondo, abandi bakaba bake cyane b’abanyamahanga bakuze ari inshuti z’abana b’abanyarwanda, maze bumvise imigambi yo kurwanira igihugu cyabo, bati: “aho turajyana”.
Ukuyeho ikinyarwanda rusange rero, ingabo z’Inkotanyi zari zifite umwihariko w’ururimi zavugaga hagati yazo zonyine, ku buryo kurwita urukotanyi biri mu kuri.
Urukotanyi si ururimi rworoshye gusobanura neza nyuma y’imyaka 32 nyuma y’urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda, kuko urwo rurimi rwagiye rukendera buhoro buhoro, kugeza ubwo akarasisi ka none kayoborwa mu Kinyarwanda nta mususu.
“I buryooo, hindukiraaaa”…(Ndamureba nyakwigendera Ronald Tindamanyire, amwenyura).
Urukotanyi rwari imvange y’umuco wa gisirikare n’indimi zirimo icyongereza (kenshi kivugwa n’abacyize mu nzira zigoye), igiswayire (kigoramye) n’urugande cyangwa urunyankole… Ibi byatewe n’uko abenshi mu ngabo z’Inkotanyi zatangiye urugamba bari barakuriye mu gihugu cya Uganda bavuga urugande cyangwa urunyankole (bitewe n’inzira banyuzemo). Abakuru muri bo barakoreye imyitozo y’ibanze muri Tanzaniya (igihugu cyafashije cyane inabo za Yoweri K. Museveni -wari ushyigikiwe n’abasore b’abanyarwanda- gufata ubutegetsi bwa Uganda).
Iyo mvange rero y’imico n’indimi niyo yavuyemo “Urukotanyi”, maze urwo rurimi rushya rubera umutwaro abasore bakiri bato bari batabariye igihugu, by’umwihariko abaturutse mu bindi bihugu bitari Uganda, kuko bo byibura bagiraga uruhengekero ku ndimi bakuriyemo.
Ubusanzwe nta bugwaneza, urukundo cyangwa impuhwe birangwa mu kiganiro hagati y’abasirikare, ndetse akenshi aba ari amabwiriza ava ku mutware ajya ku mugererwa. Bigakomera kurushaho, iyo izo ngabo ziri mu cyiciro cy’inyeshyamba, zidafite ubushobozi nk’ubw’ingabo za Leta.
Biragorana cyane rero iyo wa mugererwa asanganywe amacyenga ku mutware we, ntamwisanzureho, akenshi bibangamira ko imvugo isohoza ubutumwa, maze hagakurikiraho ibihano, kenshi na kenshi biremereye.
Dore amwe mu magambo yakoreshwaga mu rukotanyi:
SI RAHA…iri n’irindi zina ry’imbunda ryumvikanisha ko atari igikoresho cy’ibyishimo cyangwa umunezero, ndetse ko ugikoresha wese agomba guhora akitwararitse, akanacyitaho nk’ubuzima bwe.
FOLENI… “Fall In” ni igikorwa-bwiriza gitangwa n’umutware w’ingabo (ku rwego urwo ari rwo rwose), kugira ngo abasirikare ategeka bateraniranire hamwe kandi muri gahunda, ubundi byitwa “rassemblement”.
INGANO YA ADUI… ibi si ukubaza ko umwanzi/enemy ari muremure cyangwa munini, kuko umwanzi ntibivuga umuntu, ahubwo ni itsinda ryabo. Koherezwa mu butumwa bwa RECCE (reconnaissance) cyangwa UBUTASI, hanyuma ukaza uvuga aya Ndongo, urumva ko ibyakurikiragaho atari byiza.
OPI…OP ubundi bivuga Observation Post, ni ahantu ubundi hoherezwaga umusirikare, hacyekwa ko ariho haturuka umwanzi, kugira aze bwangu amenyeshe abandi kwitegura.
IGISHAKA…iri ni ijambo rivuga igihuru cyangwa ishyamba. Ubwo Inkotanyi zabaga mu gishaka.
IGIPINDI cyangwa KIPINDI CHA UTAMADUNI…iyi ni imvugo ivuga byinshi birimo nko kwigisha cyane umuntu bigamije kumuhindura neza, inyigisho za politike n’uburere mbonera-gihugu, cyangwa igitaramo cy’umugoroba.
KUPIGA MAGOTI…Gutera amavi ni imvugo yakoreshwaga kenshi nyuma y’urugendo rurerure ngo mwicare gato muruhuke.
MU PAK…Muri Parike ni ijambo rikoreshwa, by’umwihariko n’abarwanye urugamba rwo muri Parike y’Akagera. Iyo “mu” ikoreshwa kenshi n’ahatari ngombwa.
KUPIGA MAKOFE…ni nko gusabwa gukoma mu mashyi, bikavugwa kenshi n’ugiye gutera indirimbo cyangwa undi ufite ijambo.
KUWEKA MORALE…kenshi byasabwaga kugira ngo abasirikare batere indirimbo, kimwe bikorwa byazamuraga cyane akanyamuneza n’ishyaka mu ngabo z’Inkotanyi.
KOLO-SAINI… “Call Sign” ni akabyiniriro cyangwa se izina ry’iritazirano rizwi n’abantu bake bakorana bya hafi, bakarikoresha mu butumwa bwanditse cyangwa radiyo z’itumanaho (ibyombo), bityo ntihagire undi wahita abitahura. Kuko abahanganye ku rugamba rero bahora mu butasi, ayo mazina ahindurwa kenshi. Ariko ayo mazina n’andi magambo akoreshwa mu iyumanaho rya gisrikare, bijyana n’urutonde mpuzamahanga rwa International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Ni muri ubwo buryo umutware w’inama nkuru ya gisirikare (Chairman of the High Command), Maj. Gen Paul Kagame, yitwaga 2-2 Alpha cyangwa Papa Charlie; Umutware w’ibikorwa (operations), nyakwigendera Col Stephen Ndugute akaba 0-Delta cyangwa Papa Mike; Umutware wa batayo ya 101, nyakwigendera Vedaste Kayitare Sierra 1; Inshuti ye magara yatwaraga batayo ya 7, nyakwigendera William Bagire akitwa Tiger 1; naho umutware wa batayo ya 157, Fred Ibingira akaba Romeo 1, bityo bityo…, ariko hakaba n’abakoresha amazina y’inzego bari bakuriye.
Hanyuma muri rusange abasirikare bamwe bagakunda gukoresha rwa rutonde mpuzamahanga rwa Alpha, Bravo, Charlie… bagera nk’aho bavuga umu/abasivile bakavuga ngo Charlie India Vic (CIV cyangwa civilian).
PISI…. Political Commissar (PC) ni umuntu wafashaga abandi mu bumenyi mbonera-gihugu ndetse no gusobanukirwa ibya politike. Yabaga kuva ku rwego ruto rw’itsinda ry’abasirikare kugeza hejuru. Uwarutaga abandi, akanitwa Afande PC cyangwa PC byonyine, ni na we wari umugaba w’ingabo z’Inkotanyi (Paul Kagame), ari na yo mpamvu y’iyo call sign ya Papa Charlie (PC).
SONGAMANA…. Iyi yari imvugo itegeka abantu kwegera cyane bikabije, kabone n’iyo aho muhuriye haba ari hanini cyane….byavugwa kenshi n’abarimu/abatoza/instructors mu kigo cy’imyitozo ya gisirikare…banibutsa imvugo ya Habyarimana y’uko u Rwanda ari ruto, abantu bagomba kwegerana
LETI…Late ni ijambo ry’icyongereza rivuga uwapfuye cyangwa nyakwigendera cyangwa umuhisi.
PONJO…Poncho ni umwenda wa gisirikare kenshi ukoreshwa imirimo itandukanye, irimo kwifuika, kwitwikira imvura cyangwa kwiyorosa ku gasozi. Uyu Mwenda ariko wanifashishwaga mu gutwara abasirikare bakomerekeye ku rugamba cyangwa abahaguye. Maze wakumva bavuze ko kanaka amejifunika ‘ponjo’ ukamenya ko yapfuye.
MOBAYILO FOSE…Mobile Force – mu nzego za gisirikare habamo ibyiciro byinshi, ariko bigeze mu mwaka wa 1992, nibwo hubatswe inzego zitwa Combined Mobile Force, zihuza units zitandukanye, ariko binahamya mobility ya RPA cyangwa igisingizo cyo kuba Jeshi La Mguu (ingabo zigenda n’amaguru), ibyo bikanahura na Jeshi La Wananchi (ingabo za rubanda), bityo bikongerera cyane morale ingabo za RPA ndetse n’abaturage bazibonaga. Icyo cyiciro cya MOBILE FORCE gitangiye, hashyizweho inzego zivuguruye ndetse na Batayo umunani arizo: Charlie na 59 zari mu Ruhengeri, izindi nka Alpha, 21st, Bravo, 101, 7th na 157th zo zikaba muri Byumba.
SIO…Commanding Officer (C.O), yari umu-ofisiye mukuru (Senior officer) uyoboye unit nk’izo zo hejuru, ari naz o twakwita batayo MF (mobile force).
OSI…Officer in Command… yabaga ari umu ofisiye uyoboye kampani, maze kuva kuri kampani (COY) A kugera nko kuri kampani F cyangwa G cyangwa K, akaba arizo zigize unit cyangwa batayo. Buri unit/batayo yagiraga COY (kampani) nyinshi.
Buri Kampani ikagira palatuni (platoon) nyinshi (ahanini ntizijye munsi y’eshatu-3, zikitwa palatuni 1,2,3…, hanyuma buri palatuni nayo ikagira sekshoni -section- nazo ntizijye munsi y’uwo mubare; hanyuma buri section ikagira abasirikare 8-15).
Iyo hari impamvu rero yatumaga umusirikare mu bundi bice bakamubira kwivuga, yavugaga amazina ye ati “Mi purayiveti (Pte) Gasana Victor, sekshn\oni 2, palatuni 1, B kampani B, 101 Mobile Force”; ubwo bakaba barakumenye, byaba ngombwa bagahamagarayo bakoresheje radiyo y’itumanaho.
SIKIBE…Sick Bay ni mu irwariro / ibitaro, aha hakabonekamo inkomere nyinshi, kimwe n’abandi bafite indwara zinyuranye. Aba bose bitabwagaho n’abaganga batabaye basanzwe barababyize, maze abo bakanatoza ababafasha muri iyo mirimo.
Twatangiriye n’ubundi mu gihe cy’ishingwa rya Combined Mobile Forces. Reka tujye mu isozwa ry’urugamba…
WIZIDRO…Withdraw…ku rugamba haba impamvu nyinshi zituma abasirikare basubira inyuma, ahanini ziba ari ukuneshwa, bikitwa tactical withdraw…ibyo nibyo byakozwe na Ex-FAR maze bitwikira abaturage. Igikorwa cyo gusubira inyuma -TACTICAL WITHDRAW – cyazonze ingabo z’Inkotanyi mu mutwe ni icyabaye tariki 8 Gashyantare 1993…Itorero ry’Inkotanyi cyane. INDAHEMUKA, riti “…Tugeze mu mpinga ya Shyorongi, Turora Kigali itaha intamati…” Abenshi mu Nkotanyi nyuma baje gusobanukirwa n’impamvu z’iyo withdraw, kuko gufata igihgu byarashobokaga, ariko kukirinda bikagorana cyangwa ntibisboke.
FANYA HARAKA…shyiramo umete / nyarutsa / gira ubwira. Iyi mvugo yari nk’ivanjili mu Nkotanyi.
MIYA MOJA NA MOJA YA UJINGA…101 ni umubare w’inkoni zagombaga gukubitwa abakoze ibyaha bikomeye, harimo nko gufatwa watorotse urugamba…igihano kikaba ijana (nk’aho ari rimwe rya Bisangwa!) hakiyongeraho n’indi imwe y’ubugoryi/ujinga.
USHILIKIANO….Ubufatanye.
UMOJA…Ubumwe. Ubufatanye n’Ubumwe ni amagambo yakoreshwaga kenshi n’ingabo z’Imkotanyi, zihamya ko ari zo nkingi zizubaka u Rwanda. Iyo mvugo si iya none, nta n’aho ihuriye n’ubutegetsi. Ni ibitekerezo byahoze mu mahame y’abashinze umuryango wa RPF Inkotanyi. Ikindi ni uko ayo magambo yatangwaga mu mazina y’ibyiciro binyuranye mu ngabo z’Inkotanyi zikiri mu ishyamba.
ITAHULO…Towel/Essuie-mains…ariko uzi kugira ngo umutware wawe uri mu bwiyuhagiriro agutume igitambaro cyo kwihanagura, uze umubwire ko wakibuze nk’aho hari uwo bararana wagitwaye cyangwa toilet paper ngo yashize.
SILIPA…izi ni Kamba-mbili, ibaze kuzituma umusirikare wawe, akagaruka akubwira ko ntazihari.
UMUFARISO…iyi ni matelas…Kambari yakubiswe umugeri mu gatuza, kuko shebuja Birinda yari ayimutumye ngo bimukiye ku gasozi ko hakurya, undi aragaruka amubwira ko nta mufariso uhari kandi Birinda awubyutseho…naho Kambari ntiyamenye icyo ari cyo…
MAFUTA YA GARI…iki giswayire kivuga fuel /carburant… Mutangana wabaye umushoferi w’Inkotanyi zikibohora igihugu abyutse yatsa imodoka mu gitondo kuko aziko Afande n’asirikare be bajya mu nama i Kigali, aho binjiriye mu modoka bati “nyaruka umwanya ni muto”, bageze imbere Mutangana yerekeza kuri sitasiyo, abwira Afande ko baje kunywesha mazutu, Undi aramureba, akebuka abasirikare be, ati: “ariko ubu uyu mujinga ngo ni Mutangana ntabwo yaguye muri WC koko? Namubajije ko imodoka zifite amavuta inshuro eshatu kuva nkibyuka, akikiriza, none ngo tunyweshe?” Mutangana arirahira, ati: “Afande, wambajije amavuta nkubwira yego, ariko ayo ni aya moteri. Ibya Mazutu ntabyo wambajije!” Ijisho ryahakomerekeye, ntiyaba agitwaye imodoka.
Nyuma yo kubohora igihugu rero hari ukuntu byacuramyemo gake, kuko Umujyi wa Kigali (wari ugiciriritse) wagiye unnyuzura abenshi mu basore baje bava mu byaro bya Uganda, cyane cyane abiyemeraga ntibabaze cyangwa ngo bagishe inama….ng’uwo Mugisha wafashe icupa rya VINAIGRE ubundi akagotomera….ng’uwo Mugabo wadukiriye icupa rya INSECTICIDE agapuriza ku mubiri wose, ubundi agasohoka avuga ko abantu b’ino bakoresha pafiyumu zimena umutwe, kandi abona ko nta umwegera…ng’uwo ng’uwooooo.
Iyi mvange y’imico n’indimi by’i Rwanda, Bugande, Zaire (Congo), Tanzaniya, Kenya n’ibindi bihugu bya kure, ntabwo byari byoroshye kubihuza habe na gato. Ayo mwasomye, ni amwe mu magambo make cyane yahoze mu kibonezamvugo cy’ingabo z’Inkotanyi buri munsi.
Icyita rusange cyari kimwe gusa mu mutima no mu bwenge (intekerezo) bya buri wese muri bari barahujwe n’urugamba, baba abasirikare, baba n’abakada: Gukunda igihugu cy’u Rwanda, kugeza n’aho wagitangira ubuzima.
Imvugo no kumvikana, aho byananiranaga, hiyambazwaga ikinyarwanda, kandi ibyo byari byoroshye cyane, kuko urugamba ubwarwo rwari amahurizo.
Mwese mwese Nkotanyi n’abanyu, munogerwe n’ibirori byo #Kwibohora32, muragahorana inka n’abana.
Martin Semukanya
