Safi Emmanuel
Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Mine, Peteroli na Gaz (Rwanda Mining Board- RMB), giherutse gushyira hanze igitabo (Rwanda Mining Investment Pitchbook) kigaragaza uduce dushya twabonetsemo amabuye y’agaciro, abashoramari bakwiriye kugana bakayabyaza umusaruro.
Amwe mu mabuye y’Agaciro yabonetse kubutaka bw’u Rwanda Wolfram, Gasegereti na Coltan atunganywamo Tungsten, Tin na Tantalum (3Ts). Aya mabuye akenewe cyane ku isoko ry’inganda, kuko atunganywamo ibyuma bikomeye bikoreshwa mu bwubatsi, mu ndege, mu bifaru, mu byogajuru, mu gukora imbunda, amasasu, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga nk’ibitanda bya telefone, mudasobwa n’ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, gusudira n’ibindi.
U Rwanda rukungahayeho cyane kuko rucukura toni ziri hagati ya 8.000-10.000 buri mwaka, umubare ushobora kwiyongera mu gihe uduce dushya twaba tubyajwe umusaruro.
Hagendewe ku biteganywa n’itegeko rigenga ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro na kariyeri, cyane cyane mu ngingo ya munani, ibirombe biri mu byiciro bitatu bijyanye n’ubuso.
Icya mbere ni icy’ibirombe bito bitarenza igipande kigira hegitari 50, icyiciro cya kabiri ni icy’ibirombe biciriritse kigira igipande cya hegitari 100, icyiciro cya gatatu ni icy’ibirombe binini bigira igipande cya hegitari 400 kuzamura.
Akarere ka Kamonyi
Uduce dushya twabonetsemo amabuye y’agaciro turi ku buso bwa hegitari 13.454 mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu, harimo aka Binyeri kari ku buso bwa hegitari 50 kabarizwa mu Murenge wa Rukoma, habonywe ko ari agace gakize kuri gasegereti, agace kazengurutswe n’ibindi birombe byatangiwe impushya birimo ibicukura Gasegereti, Coltan, amabuye ya Lithium agezweho ku isoko muri iyi minsi na Beryllium.
Akarere ka Bugesera
Utwo duce kandi turimo aka Juru kari mu Murenge wa Juru, habonywemo amabuye y’agaciro ya Coltan, Wolfram na Gasegereti ari ku buso bwa hegitari 1.354. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2014, bwagaragaje ko icyo gice gishobora kuba gifite toni zirenga 52.998 za Gasegereti.
Utundi duce twavumbuwemo amabuye y’agaciro harimo aka Musenyi, amabuye yabonetse ku buso bwa hegitari 1.000 yiganjemo aya gasegereti na coltan yivanze na Niobium.
Ahandi amabuye y’agaciro yabonetse mu gace ka Rweru kari ku buso bwa hegitari 875. Ako na ko gakize ku mabuye ya Gasegereti na Coltan. Rweru na Kivumu hari ubuso bwa hegitari 13.00, habonetsemo Coltan, Gasegereti na Wolfram.
Akarere ka Gatsibo
Amabuye y’agaciro yabonetse mu gace ka Mamfu-Rwasama, kabonetsemo amabuye ari ku buso bwa hegitari 1.300. Ni igice gikungahaye ku mabuye ya Coltan na Gasegereti.
Remera yo muri aka karere, ni agace kari ku buso bwa hegitari 4.025. Amabuye yabonetsemo yiganjemo aya Gasegereti agera hafi muri toni 4.488 arimo ubutare n’andi, Agace ka Rubiha na ko kabonetsemo amabuye ya coltan na Gasegereti ari ku buso bwa hegitari 450. Ibyo bice byiyongera ku cya Rubona-Gatunda giherereye ku buso bwa hegitari 925. Ni agace gaherereye mu mirenge ya Kiramuruzi na Kiziguro. Amabuye y’agaciro ya Gasegereti, RMB kandi yayabonyemo mu Rugarama ku buso bwa hegitari 2.175.
Umuyobozi w’Ishami rya RMB rishinzwe ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ubugenzuzi bwayo, Nsengumuremyi Donat, agaragaza ko mu ntego yo kuzamura umusaruro w’amavuye y’agaciro, hashyirwamo ishoramari rikwiriye, ari na yo mpamvu bagaragaje ibyo bice bishya.
Akomeza agira ati “Ibirombe twagaragaje, bigaragaza ko birimo amabuye ku buryo abantu bashyizemo ishoramari byazamura umusaruro, na wo ukajya mu nganda turi gushoramo imari.”
Nsengumuremyi akomeza avuga ibyo mu gihe u Rwanda rwashoye mu bijyanye n’inganda zitunganya amabuye y’agaciro, zirimo urwa Gasabo Gold Refinery, rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya toni 96 ku mwaka. Urwa LuNa Smelter rutunganya Gasegereti, rufite ubushobozi bwo gushongesha toni 360 za Gasegereti buri kwezi, n’urwa Power Resources International Ltd rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya toni 120 za Coltan mu kwezi.
Kagenga Innocent, Umuyobozi w’Ishyirahamwe ry’Abacuruzi b’amabuye y’agaciro mu Rwanda, asobanura ko kugaragaza utu duce bigiye gufasha abashoramari kumenya aho bagana.
Agira ati “Iyo bahashyize ku isoko, Abanyarwanda natwe tuboneraho kugira ngo dupiganwe, kandi usanga bitandukanye n’uko byakorwaga kera; aho umuntu ari we wagendaga agahitamo aho agomba gucukura nta bumenyi abifitiye. Ni ikintu cyiza cyane kizadufasha gucukura aho tuzi ko hakungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro.”
Kugeza ubu u Rwanda rumaze gutanga impushya 136 ku bigo by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro 99, impushya 18 z’ibigo bikora ubushakashatsi ku mabuye y’agaciro zahawe ibigo 17, impushya 76 ku bigo bicuruza ayo mabuye n’izindi eshatu ku biyongerera agaciro. Agaragaza ko utashora muri ibyo byose nta mabuye ufite.
Uretse 3Ts u Rwanda rufite na Zahabu iboneka mu turere twa Gicumbi, Musanze, Burera, Nyamasheke, Rusizi na Nyarugenge. Amabengeza akoreshwa mu mitako aboneka mu turere twa Ngororero, Muhanga, Ruhango. Sapphire aboneka mu Burengerazuba, Lithium n’andi ndetse ubushakashatsi burakomeje.
U Rwanda rufite intego y’uko mu 2029 ruzaba rubarura umusaruro mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro asaga Miliyari 2,2 z’amadolari ya Amerika, avuye kuri Miliyari 1,7 z’amadolari ya Amerika rwinjiye mu 2024.
