Mu gihe cyashize, bamwe mu Banyarwanda babikaga amafaranga mu ngo, mu dukapu cyangwa mu bindi bikoresho byoroheje, rimwe na rimwe bakabura umutekano wayo. Muri iki gihe, ikoranabuhanga rikomeje guhindura uburyo abaturage babika, bohererezanya kandi bacunga amafaranga yabo, nubwo hakigaragara imbogamizi zirimo uburiganya bukorerwa kuri telefoni.
Bagwaneza Maria wo mu Murenge wa Rutunga, mu Karere ka Gasabo, ni umwe mu bagaragaza impinduka zazanywe no kwizigamira hifashishijwe telefoni. Avuga ko ubu uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwamufashije kurushaho gucunga amafaranga ye no kuyabona igihe ayakeneye.
Mu bihe byashize, Bagwaneza yacuruzaga imbuto mu Isoko rya Nyabugogo, akinjiza amafaranga agera ku bihumbi 15 Frw ku munsi. Icyakora, kubona ayo mafaranga ntibyamuhaga amahoro kubera impungenge z’abajura no kubura uburyo yizeraga bwo kuyabika.
Yabwiye UMUSEKE ati: “Ikiza ni uko iyo nabitse udufaranga kuri telefoni, nkaba mfite umwana wanjye uri ku kigo cy’amashuri kiri kure, akampamagara ati ‘Ndashaka amafaranga’, njya ku mukozi wa sosiyete y’itumanaho (agent) cyangwa nkamwoherereza, nkabona biranyoroheye. Ni cyo kiza cya telefoni. Kandi amafaranga yawe aba afite umutekano; niyo bakwibye telefoni, uragenda ugakora ‘swap’, amafaranga yawe bakayakugarurira. Telefoni, mbese, yabaye imbangukiragutabara. Nta kibazo tukigira.”
Uyu muturage avuga ko ubu atagikoresha gusa uburyo bwo kubika amafaranga kuri telefoni, kuko afite na konti muri SACCO zikorana n’ikoranabuhanga. Ibi bituma ashobora kubona amafaranga ye bitamugoye, atagombye buri gihe kujya ku ishami rya banki cyangwa gutonda umurongo.
Akomeza ati: “Ubu na banki bazihuje na telefoni, nshobora kuvuga ngo mfite amafaranga kuri SACCO, nkayabikuza ndi mu rugo. Cya gihe nabikaga ku gikwembe, nta mutekano nabaga mfite, kimwe n’iyo nabaga mfite amafaranga nayabitse mu rugo, umutima wanjye ugasanga utari hamwe. N’ibyo ndeba, nkabirebesha amaso, ariko umutima ntubizirikane, dore ko bashoboraga no kuba bakingura inzu bakayatwara. Ariko iyo ari kuri telefoni, uyafite nta kibazo uba ufite.”
Ikoranabuhanga rifasha abaturage gucunga amafaranga
Mbonampeka Emelise wo mu Murenge wa Boneza, mu Karere ka Rutsiro, na we agaragaza ko gukoresha telefoni mu kubika amafaranga byamufashije guhindura uburyo aguramo ibikenerwa mu rugo no kwizigamira.
Yagize ati: “Kubika amafaranga kuri telefoni bituma uyakoresha neza, ugahaha ibiteguye, ukamenya ko uhahira rimwe kugira ngo wirinde ko bagenda bagukata udufaranga twa hato na hato. Ikindi, bituma twizigamira, cyane ko na konti yacu ya SACCO bikorana.”
Izi mpinduka zigaragaza ko serivisi z’imari zishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga zitagamije gusa korohereza abantu koherezanya amafaranga, ahubwo zinabafasha kuyacunga, kwizigamira no kugera kuri serivisi batagombye gukora ingendo ndende.
Imibare igaragaza iterambere rya serivisi z’imari
Mu ntangiriro z’Ukwakira 2026, Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr. Nsengiyumva Justin, ageza ku Nteko Ishinga Amategeko imitwe yombi ibikorwa bya Guverinoma mu guteza imbere urwego rw’imari, yagaragaje ko ishoramari mu bikorwa remezo by’imari n’ikoranabuhanga rifasha kugeza ku baturage serivisi z’imari zihuse, zizewe kandi zidahenze.
Yavuze ko hagati ya 2017 na 2024, Abanyarwanda bafite uburyo bwo kugera kuri serivisi z’imari zemewe biyongereye bava kuri 68% bagera kuri 92%. Iyo hiyongereyeho abantu bagerwaho na serivisi zo kwizigamira binyuze mu bimina gusa, igipimo kigera kuri 96%.
Minisitiri w’Intebe kandi yagaragaje ko serivisi nyinshi z’imari zitagisaba ko umuntu ajya ku ishami rya banki, kuko ashobora kuzikoresha akoresheje telefoni n’izindi nzira z’ikoranabuhanga.
Mu bijyanye no kwishyurana, mu 2025 abantu bakuru bagera kuri 73,7% bakoresheje uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga rya telefoni mu kwishyurana.
Imibare kandi igaragaza izamuka rikomeye ry’ibikorwa byo guhererekanya amafaranga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. Byavuye kuri miliyoni 256 mu 2017 bigera kuri miliyari 3,1 mu 2025. Agaciro k’amafaranga yanyujijwe muri ibyo bikorwa na ko kazamutse, kava kuri miliyari 2.900 Frw kagera kuri miliyari 85.500 Frw.
Ikindi cyagaragajwe ni uko abatanga serivisi z’amabanki bakomeje kwegera abaturage. Mu mwaka wa 2020, ku bantu bakuru 100.000, abatanga izo serivisi bari 67, ariko mu 2025 bagera kuri 228.
Ibi bigaragaza ko serivisi z’imari zikomeje kwaguka, abaturage bakarushaho kubona uburyo bwo kubika no kohereza amafaranga batagombye kugera ku mashami ya banki.
Ubushakashatsi bw’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) ku isoko ry’umurimo, buzwi nka *Labour Force Survey*, bugaragaza ko ingo zo mu Rwanda zifite telefoni zigera kuri 85,4%. Muri izo ngo, iziyobowe n’abagabo ni zo zifite telefoni ku kigero cyo hejuru, kuko zingana na 88,5%, mu gihe iziyobowe n’abagore zifite telefoni zingana na 75,9%.
Ku bijyanye na telefoni zigezweho zizwi nka smartphones, ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko abazifite mu mijyi bangana na 77,1%, mu gihe mu cyaro ari 45,6%. Iyi mibare igaragaza ko, nubwo ikoranabuhanga rikomeje kwaguka, hakiri itandukaniro hagati y’abatuye mu mijyi n’abatuye mu cyaro mu bijyanye no kubona telefoni zigezweho. Ibyo bishobora kugira uruhare mu buryo abaturage bagerwaho na serivisi z’imari zishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga.
Nubwo uburyo bwo kwizigamira no koherezanya amafaranga hifashishijwe telefoni bufasha abaturage, hari ababyuririraho bagakora uburiganya bagamije kwiba amafaranga y’abandi.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na TransUnion mu 2026 ku buriganya bukorerwa mu ikoranabuhanga bugaragaza ko 62% by’abaguzi babajijwe bavuze ko nibura bahuye n’igitero cy’ikoranabuhanga mu gihe cy’amezi atatu, mu gihe 9% bavuze ko ibyo bitero byabagizeho ingaruka.
Muri ubwo bushakashatsi, 30% by’abakorewe uburiganya kuri telefoni bavuze ko ababibakoraga biyitaga abakozi ba MTN, amabanki cyangwa Polisi kugira ngo babibe. Abandi 23% bavuze ko bakoresheje ubutumwa bugamije kubashuka no kubiba. Muri rusange, 53% by’uburiganya bwagaragajwe muri ubwo bushakashatsi bwifashishije telefoni.
Impuguke mu by’ubukungu n’umusesenguzi Teddy Kaberuka yabwiye UMUSEKE ko gukoresha telefoni mu koherezanya amafaranga no kwizigamira bifitiye akamaro ubukungu bw’abaturage n’ubw’igihugu muri rusange.
Yagiriye inama abaturage yo kwitwararika no kurinda amakuru y’ibanga akoreshwa mu kwinjira muri konti zabo. Yagize ati: “Abantu nibabe maso, birinde gutanga ijambobanga ryabo. Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane mu cyaro, aho bamwe baba batarasobanukirwa neza n’ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga, ariko n’abandi bose bakwiye kuba maso.”
Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB) na rwo rukomeje kuburira abaturage ku buriganya bukoresha ikoranabuhanga, runakora iperereza ku bantu bakekwaho kubukora. Ku wa 15 Ukwakira 2026, abantu 26 bakekwaho kwiyitirira abakozi ba sosiyete y’itumanaho ya MTN kugira ngo bambure abakiliya bayo amafaranga asaga miliyoni 7 Frw batangiye kuburana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge.
Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko abo bantu bashinjwa kuba barashinze umutwe uzwi nka “Aba-Men”, bakambura abantu amafaranga bakoresheje uburiganya mu bihe bitandukanye. Icyakora, kuba batangiye kuburana ntibivuze ko icyaha cyamaze kubahamwa.
Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryahaye Abanyarwanda uburyo bushya bwo kwizigamira, kwishyurana no koherezanya amafaranga. Ibyo byatumye bamwe batandukana n’uburyo bwa kera bwo kubika amafaranga mu ngo, barushaho kubona serivisi z’imari bitabagoye.
Icyakora, umutekano w’ayo mafaranga ushingiye no ku buryo abayakoresha barinda amakuru yabo y’ibanga. Abaturage barasabwa kutagira uwo baha ijambobanga ryabo, kwitondera ubutumwa n’amatelefoni bikekwa ko ari uburiganya no gutanga amakuru ku gihe mu gihe bahuye n’abashaka kubiba.
Kuva ku gikwembe kugera kuri telefoni, impinduka mu kwizigamira zigaragaza uruhare rw’ikoranabuhanga mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Kugira ngo izo nyungu zikomeze kugirira akamaro abaturage, ni ngombwa ko bajyana n’ubumenyi bwo gukoresha serivisi z’imari mu buryo bwizewe.
