Jackson Kwizera
Ibipimo bya ruswa mu mwaka wa 2025 (CPI 2025), byashyizwe ahagaragara ku wa 9 Gashyantare 2026 n’Umuryango ushinzwe kurwanya ruswa n’akarengane (Transparency International -TI), byerekanye ko u Rwanda rwateye intambwe ikomeye mu kurwanya ruswa, aho rwabonye amanota 58%, akaba ari yo ya mbere yo hejuru rugize mu mateka yarwo. Avuye kuri 57% mu mwaka wa 2024.
Muri uyu mwaka u Rwanda rwazamutse ku mwanya wa gatatu muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, rukomeza kuza ku mwanya mbere muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, rukanazamuka ku mwanya wa 41 ku Isi ruvuye ku wa 43 mu 2024.
Umuvunyi mukuru, Nirere Madeleine, atangaza ko kuzamuka k’ u Rwanda ari ikimenyetso cyiza bigaragaza uko u Rwanda rwagiye ruzamaka mu myaka itanu ishize ariko hakiri urugendo. Agira ati “Igihugu cyateye intambwe ariko u Rwanda rufite urugendo kuko haracyagaragara inzitizi nko gutanga serivise zitihuse, izitanze nabi cyagwa mu buryo butaribwo. Iyo umuturage utamuhaye serivise uko bigomba bimusunikira mu gutanga ruswa bitari bikwiye, akagura serivise yagobye ku bonera ubuntu….”
Umuvunyi Mukuru akomeza agaragaza ko ahandi hakwiye kujya ingufu ari ukuzamura ikigero cyo gutanga amakuru ku baturage. Agira ati “Ikigero cy’abatanga amakuru kiri hasi ku baturage no kugaragaza uwatse ruswa kiracyari hasi. Turifuza gutera intambwe ishimishije ku buryo mu 2050 tuzaba turi mu bihugu bya mbere ku Isi mu kurwanya ruswa.”
Asoza avuga ko hagomba gukazwa uburyo bwo kugaragaza imitungo y’abantu no gushakisha amakuru aba agenda ahishwa, ku buryo abazajya bafatirwa mu byaha bazajya bahanwa bikomeye byaba na ngombwa imitungo yabo batagaragaza inkomoka yayo ikagurishwa.
Apollinaire Mupiganyi, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Transparency International Rwanda, avuga ko uku kuzamuka k’u Rwanda kugaragaza ko amavugurura n’ubushake bya politiki bitanga umusaruro. Gusa, yashimangiye ko aya manota atagombye gutuma habaho kuryama no kwirara, ahubwo ko ari umukoro wo gukomeza gukaza ingamba mu kurwanya ruswa.
Akomeza agira ati “Nubwo iri zamuka rishimishije, haracyari imbogamizi aho abaturage bagisabwa ruswa mu itangwa rya serivisi zimwe na zimwe. Hacyari aho ruswa igaragara, ariko igishimishije ni uko inzego za Leta zikomeje gufatanya natwe mu kuyirwanya, kuko ruswa ari ikibazo kigira ingaruka ku iterambere ry’igihugu n’abagituye.”
Mupiganyi asaba ubufatanye n’itangazamakuru mu gukora ubucukumbuzi (investigative journalism) mu kugaragaza ruswa kugira ngo ikumirwe ndetse n’abayaka bafatwe babihanirwe.
Isura ya ruswa ku Isi muri rusange, Raporo ya CPI 2025 yerekana ko ruswa ikomeje kuba ikibazo gikomeye ku isi hose, ndetse n’ibihugu byari bifite demokarasi ihamye bisubira inyuma. Denmark ni yo iza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi (89%), igakurikirwa na Finland (88%) na Singapore (84%).
Ibihugu bifite amanota make cyane ni South Sudan (9), Somalia (9) na Venezuela (10), akenshi biterwa n’intambara n’ibura ry’ubwisanzure bw’abaturage. Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara ni yo ya nyuma ku Isi ifite impuzandengo y’amanota 32%. Ibihugu 7 gusa (harimo n’u Rwanda) ni byo byagaragaje iterambere kuva mu 2012.
Imyanzuro n’Inama ya Transparency International, isaba leta z’ibihugu, (i) Gushimangira ubuyobozi, (ii) Gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko yo kurwanya ruswa no gukorera mu mucyo, (iii) Kurinda ubwisanzure bw’abaturage, (iv) Guhagarika ibitero ku banyamakuru, imiryango itegamiye kuri leta n’abashira hanze amakuru ya ruswa (whistleblowers).
Mu karere u Rwanda ruherereyemo, rukomeje kuza imbere mu kurwanya ruswa, mu gihe ibihugu ruturanye na byo bigifite amanota make, birimo Tanzania (40%), Kenya (30%), Uganda (25%), Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo (20%) n’u Burundi (17%).
