Inzobere mu by’iterambere n’ubukungu zemeza ko ihame ry’uburinganire rifitanye isano ya hafi n’ubucuruzi bitewe n’uko abagore babifitemo uruhare runini. Bituruka ahanini ku mubare w’igitsina gore uri hejuru y’igitsina gabo ku isi muri rusange ndetse no mu Rwanda by’umwihariko.
Uyu munsi u Rwanda nicyo gihugu cya mbere ku isi gifite umubare munini w’abagore mu nteko Ishinga Amategeko imitwe yombi (abadepite n’abasenateri) biganisha no kuzamuka mu yindi myanya ifata ibyemezo, nk’ikimenyetso cy’iyubahiriza ry’ihame ry’uburinganire.
Mu bucuruzi na ho ni uko, kuko abagore ubasanga mu bucuruzi bunyuranye burimo inganda no kujya mu mahanga.
Umushakashatsi ku iterambere no gucunga imishinga, Dr. Jean de Dieu Habumugisha, asanga kubura abagore bashoboye guhangana ku isoko ry’ubucuruzi ry’akarere, ari ikibazo gikomeye kandi gishobora kubangamira ubukungu bw’igihugu.
Agira ati ”Mu gihe cyose abagore batarabona ubushobozi bw’amafaranga ku rwego rumwe n’abagabo, bishobora kubangamira iterambere ry’umuryango kandi mu byo bakeneye ntabwo ari amafaranga gusa; ahubwo bagomba guhabwa ubumenyi mu gusobanukirwa imikorere igezweho mu bihugu bigize Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.”
Dr Habumugisha akomeza avuga ko nubwo hari intambwe yatewe mu rwego rwo kuzamura umugore wari warakandamijwe n’amateka, haracyari ibibazo byinshi bishingiye ku migenzo, imyumvire n’umuco. Hari abacyumva ko umugore agomba kumenya ibyo mu rugo gusa, ni ukuvuga kurera abana no gutegurira umugabo, ubundi umugabo na we akajya gushakisha amafaranga.
Ariko nanone kandi hari abagaragaza ko hakiri ikibazo cy’abagore baturiye imipaka bakora magendu bitewe n’imisoro iri hejuru kandi bafite igishoro gito, abandi bakishora mu kwicuruza rimwe na rimwe bikabaviramo kwandura indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina harimo na SIDA, hakaba n’abasenya ingo zabo.
Kuri iki kibazo, Dr Habumugisha avuga ko kuva Perezida wa Repubulika yakomoje ku kibazo cy’imisoro, kandi hari icyizere ko byinshi by’ingenzi bizakemuka mu rwego rwo korohereza abacuruzi bafite amikoro make.
Agira ati ”Abagore ntibagakore uburaya bitwaza ubukene, kuko hari n’ababukora bavuga ko ibitsina byabo ari amaduka adahomba, birengagiza ko hari igihe bazaba bashaje nta muntu ubitayeho.”
Mu mwaka wa 2010, Leta y’u Rwanda yemeje itegeko ry’uburinganire mu bucuruzi byatangiye kongerera umugore imbaraga mu mikorere. Mu 2021 iryo tegeko ryaravuguruwe, bigaragara ko Leta yifuza kurushaho guha agaciro kanini uruhare rw’umugore mu bucuruzi ndetse n’iterambere rusange ry’igihugu.
Mu 2012, abagore n’abakobwa bafite imishinga ifatika, batangiye guhabwa amahirwe yo guhabwa inguzanyo zigamije kubongerera ubushobozi.
Mu 2020, hasotse ihame, Umurenge SACCO wahaye abagore bari mu makoperative amafaranga, batangira gukora kinyamwuga.
Raporo yaturutse muri Banki y’Isi muri Mutarama 2023, yerekana ko abagore b’abakozi mu Rwanda ari 52.19% mu 2021, nk’uko icyegeranyo cy’ibipimo by’iterambere by’amabanki y’isi kibigaragaza, byaturutse ku masoko yemewe ku mugaragaro.
Iyi ngingo igaragaza akamaro ko kudaheza abagore mu bucuruzi yagarutsweho cyane mu masomo karishyabwenge ahabwa abanyamakuru bibanda ku bukungu, bimbuye mu ishyirahamwe (Rwanda Economic Reporters) ku bufatanye bwa Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES) na The Economic Policy Research Network (EPRN).
Gaston Rwaka
