Munezero Jeanne d’Arc
Abanyeshuri bafite Virusi itera SIDA, ni bamwe mu bakomeje kugaragarwaho ikibazo cyo guta ishuri. Mu myaka ibiri ishize abarenga 28% bataye ishuri babitewe n’ipfunwe n’akato n’ihezwa bahabwa na bamwe mu barezi n’abo bigana. Ibi bigaragazwa n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Urugaga rw’Abafite Virusi itera SIDA mu Rwanda (RRP+).
Bitewe n’uburemere iki kibazo cyo guta ishuri ku bana bafite ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA, inzego zibishinzwe zirimo, Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima (RBC) na Minisiteri y’Uburezi zavuze ko bagiye gushakira hamwe uburyo cyakemukamo, kandi ko nta mwana uzongera guta ishuri biturutse ku kuba afite ubwandu.
Mu buhamya bwatazwe na bamwe mu bana bahuye n’akato aho bagiye biga hose, bavuga ko kugira ngo basoze kwiga bigorana bikabaviramo guhinduranya ibigo kenshi. Icyo gihe abananiwe kwihangana bakarivamo bitewe no guhabwaa akato, ndetse na bo ubwabo bikaviramo kukiha.
Umusore (X) ni umwe mu bahuye n’icyo kibazo. Agira ati “Natangiye ishuri nkiri muto nk’abandi ariko kubera kumpa akato, aho najyaga kwiga, byatumaga mpinduranya ibigo kenshi bikamviramo gusibira. Hari n’ubwo narivuyemo mara imyaka itatu ntiga nsubiyeyo ushinzwe imyitwarire aho naringiye kwiga, yasanze mfite ibinini aramfata anjyana ku muyobozi w’ikigo. Na we ambwira ko kuba mu kigo ntabyemerewe ngomba kujya niga ntaha. Aho na ho ndahava njya aho niga ntaha. Icyo gihe numva birambabaje nibonamo ko ntakwiye kubana n’abandi narakomeje ndahatiriza, ndasoza ariko nkuze.”
Inkumi (Y) na we ni umukobwa wize bigoranye kubera guhabwa akato. Agira ati “Akato n’ihezwa mu mashuri, icya mbere navuga ni uko gahari. Karahari cyane mu buryo butandukanye. Akato ka mbere ni ako umuntu yiha nyuma yo kumenya ko yanduye Virusi itera SIDA, akiheba, akumva ko nta muntu uzamwizera atazabona umuha akazi n’ubwo yakwiga, akumva ko ubuzima burangiye. Akato ka kabiri ugahabwa n’abo mubana cyangwa se inshuti zawe zamenye uko uhagaze.”
Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’Ubuzima (RBC) kivuga ko kizi neza ko iki kibazo cy’akato n’ihezwa abanyeshuri bafite Virusi itera SIDA bahura na byo. Bemeza ko hari icyo bagiye kugikoraho kirimo gukora ubukangurambaga no guhugura abayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri, ku buryo n’abataye ishuri barisubizwamo.
Dr. Gisele Mujawamariya, Umuyobozi w’agashami gashinzwe gutanga imiti no kwita ku bafite Virusi itera SIDA muri RBC, ahamya ko ikibazo cy’ihezwa n’akato abanyeshuri bafite virusi itera SIDA bahur na byo bakizi, gusa bakomeje ubukangurambaga kugira ngo gahunda zo kurwanya icyi cyorezo mu ngimbi n’abangavu zigerweho uko bikwiriye.
Agira ati “Nka gahunda ishinzwe kurwanya Virusi itera SIDA, icyo dukora cya mbere ni ugukora ubukangurambaga, dutanga amahugurwa ku bayobozi b’ibigo by’amashuri ndetse n’abandi dukorana muri sosiyete, no ku rwego rw’ibigo nderabuzima. Tukaba tubashishikariza kujya mu mashuri kwigisha uwo tutabashije kugeraho.»
Akomeza agira ati «Ikibazo cy’akato n’ihezwa mu mashuri turakizi kuko biba byigaragaza mu mibare dufite ku rwego rw’igihugu, aho twabagaragarije kare ko uretse ibyiza twishimira twagezeho muri rusange mu kugera ku ntego mpuzamahanga, ariko usanga cyane cyane tubigeraho mu bantu bakuze, ugasanga mu bana bato, mu ngimbi n’abangavu, mu bana bakijya ku ishuri turacyari inyuma.”
Minisiteri y’Uburezi (MINEDUC) bavuga ko iki kibazo bacyumvaga ariko bakaba batari bamenya uburemere bwacyo. Nyuma yo kubona imibare y’abataye ishuri kubera ihezwa n’akato, bavuga ko bagiye gufatanya n’inzego zose zibishinzwe ku buryo iki kibazo gikemuka, ndetse n’abataye ishuri bakarisubizwamo.
Uwimbabazi Sylvie, Umuyobozi wa Gahunda Zihuriweho mu burezi (Cross-Cutting Programs Specialist) muri MINEDUC, yemeza ko imibare igarahara muri minisiteri akorera batari bayifite, ariko bibahaye ishusho nyayo y’uburyo iki kibazo giteye, ndetse akizeza ko bagiye gukora ibishoboka byose bagafatanya n’inzego zose zirebwa nacyo ku buryo mu minsi iri imbere kizakemuka.
Akomeza agira ati “Mu by’ukuri ntitwari tuzi ko iki kibazo gihari, ariko ibiganiro byatangiwe hano byatumye tugira amakuru n’ubumenyi ku buryo ikibazo giteye. Imibare twabonye hano mu by’ukuri ntabwo nababwira ngo muri Minisiteri y’Uburezi twari tuyifite, ntayo twari tuzi. Bitumye tumenya ngo ikibazo giteye gite, ndetse n’ubuhamya twahawe n’abaciye muri urwo rugendo rwo mu mashuri twabyumvaga wenda gutyo ariko noneho kubona uwahuye n’ibyo bibazo ahagaze imbere yawe, umwana akakubwira ukuntu yize mu bigo bitanu kubera akato yahuye nako wumva ari ibintu bibabaje.”
Akomeza agira ati “Twiteguye gufatanya n’inzego zose bireba, haba Minisiteri y’Ubuzima, haba abikorera cyangwa se abaterankunga batandukanye, barangajwe imbere na RRP+. Twiteguye ko imyanzuro cyangwa se ibitekerezo byose twaganiriye hano tuzicara tukabihuriza hamwe tugashaka uburyo noneho twajya kubishyira mu bikorwa, tuakareka kubishyira mu magambo gusa.”
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa RRP+, Dr Deo Mutambuka, avuga ko icyatumye bahuriza hamwe inzego zitandukanye ari ukugira ngo bashake igisubizo kiramye cyatuma akato n’ihezwa ku bana bafite virusi itera SIDA bicika burunda.
Agira ati “Mu bintu byatumye dutekereza kuri iki gikorwa ni uko twasanze dukeneye kumenya uko ubuzima bw’abana bafite Virusi itera SIDA bari mu mashuri buteye, kuko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe muri 2020 bwagaragaje ko hakiri akato kanini cyane, ugasanga umwana adashobora kwigira muri ubwo buzima butamworoheye. Rero ni muri urwo rwego twatekereje gukora ubushakashatsi, rero nk’uko mwabibonye hafi 28% byabana biga bafite Virusi itera SIDA. Muri iyi myaka ibiri batakirimo kwiga. Ibyo rero byatumye dutegura iki gikorwa kugira ngo duhuze Minisiteri y’Ubuzima, Minisiteri y’Uburezi, ndetse n’ibindi bigo bishamikiyeho nka RBC na REB kugira ngo kugira ngo turebere hamwe icyakorwa, aba bana abatakiga tubashe kubasubiza mu mashuri.”
Imibare y’inzego z’ubuzima igaragaza ko mu Rwanda habarurwa abafite virusi itera SIDA bangana na 3% by’abaturage bose.
Ni mu gihe imibare ya RBC igaragaza ko gahunda zo kurwanya Virusi itera SIDA mu bakuru zageze ku ntego ya 95-95-95, aho 95% by’abafite iyi Virusi babizi, 95% by’abazi ko bayifite bafata imiti igabanya ubukana bwayo neza, naho 95% by’abafata imiti igabanya ubukana bwayo bakaba batayigaragaza mu maraso yabo iyo basuzumwe.
Gusa ikibazo gikomeye imibare y’iki kigo igaragaza ko mu rubyiruko hakiri ikibazo gikomeye, kuko ibipimo biri ku kigero cyo hasi ya 75% n’ubwandu bushya bwa Virusi itera SIDA bukaba bwiganje mu rubyiruko.
Imibare ya RRP+ igaragaza ko mu myaka ibiri ishize mu mashuri yo mu Rwanda hari amanyeshuri barenga ibihumbi bitatu bafite Virusi itera SIDA, gusa ikibazo gikomeye 28% byabo ni ukuvuga abarenga 600 bataye ishuri kubera Akato n’ihezwa.
Uturere twa Kamonyi, Rubavu, Gasabo na Kicukiro ni two dufite umubare munini w’abana bafite virusi itera SIDA bataye ishuri bitewe n’ipfunwe, akato n’ihezwa.
Iyi mibare igaragaza ko mu banyeshuri bafite virusi itera SIDA bataye ishuri 55% byabo ari abana b’abakobwa.
