Ruswa y’amafaranga no kwitwarira ibyamburwa abazunguzayi, ni bimwe mu bikomeje kwimakaza ingeso zo gucuruza abantu biruka mu mihanda, mu Mujyi wa Kigali.
Kwamburwa ibyo bacuruza bimwe bigatwarwa n’ababafashe, gutanga ruswa y’amafaranga ngo barekurwe, nguwo umukino wihishe hagati y’abazunguzayi n’ababafata. Bamwe mu bazunguzayi banze kwigura bajyanwa gufungwa. Aba bavuga ko bababazwa nuko ibyo bakwa byijyanirwa n’ababafashe. B avuga ko ari uburiganya n’ubujura bubakorerwa kandi bwabaye akarande. Basaba ko inzego za leta zakurikirana.
Uretse na ruswa aba bazunguzayi batanga, abaganiriye na PANORAMA bavuga ko ibyo bamburwa n’abakora mu nzego z’umutekano, by’umwihariko DASSO n’abanyerondo, babyitwarira mu ngo zabo. Babazwa nuko bitanahabwa abatishoboye ngo babyikenuze. Bavuga kandi ko n’amafaranga batanga atajya mu isanduku ya Leta, ahubwo aba inyungu y’ababafata.
Umwe muri bo ubimazemo imyaka 10, avuga ko ibicuruzwa bamburwa, babipakira bakabijyana, bakabura byose baba baranguye n’inyungu baba babitegerejemo. Yagize ati “Natangiye mfite ibihumbi bibiri, ngenda nkora ari na ko nzamuka. Gusa ntibyatubuzaga guhura n’ibibazo mu muhanda byo gukubitwa na ba DASSO n’Abanyerondo. Hari n’abo usanga batambaye umwenda w’akazi, bose ni ko batwambura, badukubita; ndetse n’abakwaka amafaranga kugira ngo batagutwara. Wareba imari ufite, watekereza ku bana wasize mu rugo bakeneye kurya, ukemera ukayamuha.”
Amafaranga, ruswa y’igitsina, ikimenyane no kubura irengero ry’ibyo bambuwe
Uyu waganiriye na PANORAMA akomeza avuga ko “Hari n’abadatinya kukubwira ngo kugira ngo ukomeze ukore, ajye agufasha mu gihe wafashwe, akagusaba kuryamana na we, waba utiyubaha ukabyemera. Ibyo batwambura barabitwara, ibyo kurya, imbuto, imyenda n’inkweto, kuko hari abo tuba duturanye ukabona babyambaye cyangwa mugahurira mu muhanda. Tukibaza niba ari bo tuvunikira bikatuyobera.”
Muri ibi bibazo byose bahura na byo, buri wese abyitwaramo uburyo bwe kuko hari n’abahitamo guhangana. Ati “Hakaba n’abiyemeza kurwana na bo, kuko hari n’ababa bafitemo abagore bazunguza. Twebwe bakatwambura kugira ngo abo bagore babo basigare bakora.”
Akomeza avuga ko ibyo yakomeje guhurira na byo mu muhanda, byatumye anawutindamo ngo akomeze kwiyubaka. Agira ati “Ninjiye mu muhanda nihaye nibura imyaka ibiri, kugira ngo nzabe mvuyemo nshake aho nkorera; ariko kuko bakomezaga banyambura byatumye ntindamo, kuko nta terambere wagira bakwambura n’utwo wari ubonye.”
Mugenzi we ucuruza imyenda y’abagabo mu mujyi, we agira ati “Njyewe ikimbabaza ni uko ibyo batwambura nibura batabifashisha ababaye, … kugira ngo batamfunga iyo bamfashe mbaha amafaranga ibihumbi bitanu cyangwa icumi. Bigeze kunjyana kwa Kabuga, marayo amezi umunani mbayeho nabi. Nari maze igihe gito mpfushije umugore, nasanze abana banjye baratangiye kuba inzererezi, kuko ntawabarebaga. Navuyeyo mara ukwezi mu bitaro, ubu rero nkora uko nshoboye ngo ntazasubirayo, ni yo mpamvu iyo amfashe muha make, ntantwarire imari cyangwa ngo antware.”
DASSO iratungwa agatoki
Bamwe mu ba DASSO n’Abanyerondo, batashatse ko amazina yabo atanganzwa, bemeza ko bikorwa, cyane ko abenshi ngo baba ari n’abaturanyi babo. Umwe muri bo yagize ati “Yego birashoboka ko hari bamwe muri twe bakora ayo makosa, ahari abantu ntihabura urunturuntu, ndetse n’abatandukira.”
Umwe mu banyerondo bo mu Murenge wa Kanombe atunga agatoki ba DASSO. Ati “Twebwe badusaba kubafata, tuba turi kumwe na DASSO, imodoka ikabajyana n’ibyo bacuruzaga. Gusa abanyabitendo ntibabura kandi na DASSO iyo tubahaye abantu batanu, iyo bageze imbere batatu barabarekura, ku Murenge hakagerayo babiri. Abandi tubona bavugana ariko ntiwamenya ibyo bavugana.”
Akomeza avuga ko ngo ntawe urekurwa atazwi cyangwa adatanze akantu (ruswa). Iyo bababajije impamvu barekuye bamwe bagatwara abandi kandi bose bafatiwe hamwe, “batubwira ko bafite uburenganzira bwo kubarekura ntacyo warenzaho, kandi no kuba babitwara tubirebesha amaso ukicecekera. Ubundi se ukurikije igihe ibi bintu byahereye, wari wumva hari uwo babiha? N’ibyo batanga nta kizima kiba kirimo.”
Gusa ngo n’aba banyerondo si shyashya kuko ngo na bo bafitemo abagore babo, iyo bagufashe batakuzi ubigenderamo, waba uri umugore wa mugenzi wabo bakakurekura cyangwa wabaha nk’ibihumbi bibiri bakakureka nk’uko uwo munyerondo yabyivugiye.
Undi munyerondo we ukorera mu murenge wa Remera, avuga ko bakora ku modoka zishinzwe gufata abazunguzayi. Ngo ababo nibo bafata ruswa. Ngo n’iyo babaga bafashe ibintu babigabagabaniraga mu mudugudu wa Kagara, ariko kubera gusakuza kwa bamwe mu bakoraga irondo risanzwe barahinduye, kuri ubu ntabwo azi aho babikorera.
Kugira icyo batanga buri kwezi, kugabana ibyafashwe…
Umunyerondo wavuzwe haruguru avuga n’ubundi buriganya bukorwa. Ati “Abazunguzayi bose bo muri Remera hagati y’iminsi icumi na cumi n’itanu hari amafaranga batanga k’ukuriye abanyerondo bakora ku modoka. Hari nimero ya telefoni bohorezaho cyangwa akaza kuyitwarira, utabyemeye cyangwa umushya ni we uhora afatwa. Twebwe iyo ushatse kugira uwo ufata banagukubita kuko bafite uwo basorera, ntacyo twabatwara naho ibyo babambura bamena bike ibindi barabyitwarira. Iyo winjiye aho bakorera ku murenge usanga hari ibyo bahahishe.”
Hahishemo ukuri
Umwe mu bakozi bu Murenge wa Kanombe yatubwiye ko hari ababitwara, ariko si bose. Ati “N’iyo babigejeje ku Murenge, natwe ubwacu turabyirira. Ubu se koko waba ukora ku Murenge, ukabura imbuto? Ibiribwa ni byo byinshi, ibijugunywa ni byo bike. Amashuka, amakuvureri barayagabagabana da! Ibisigaye bidasobanutse ni byo biba muri stock, ibyiza byagiye.”
Uburenganzira bwa muntu bukwiye kubahwa
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango Iharanira uburenganzira bwa Muntu -CLADHO, Dr Safari Emmanuel, avuga ko abazunguzayi ari abanyarwanda nk’abandi, kandi bagomba kubaho badahohoterwa, kuko ibyo bakora baba bashakisha imibereho, bakurikije uko imbaraga zabo zingana.
Agira ati “Bariya bazunguzayi baba bafite igishoro gito, agacuruza yakunguka akarya, bamwambura akaburara. Ikibazo usanga iyo babirukaho ntacyo bitaho, yaba ahetse, atwite cyangwa afite ubumuga; bapfa kubirukansa gusa, iyo bamufashe bamwambura ibye. Amasoko yagiyemo abishoboyeho gakeya, abasigaye mu muhanda ni abakeneye gufashwa, ndetse bakigishwa no gukora.”
Dr Safari, avuga ko Leta yagahinduye ingamba bakababumbira hamwe, byanashoboka bagasora nk’uko abamotari babikora, byagabanya akajagari.
Inzego z’ubuyobozi zibibona zite?
Gusa nubwo hari abacuruza ku mafaranga yabo, bivugwa ko hari n’abacuruzi bakoresha bariya bazunguzayi. Aba bahitamo kubaha ibicuruzwa bakabibacururiza bakishyura bamaze kubirangiza. Nubwo byose biba bifasha bene uwo muzunguzayi, ariko aho kumufasha neza ahubwo aramushora.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Remera, Karamuzi Godfrey, avuga ko iki kibazo kimaze igihe, kandi bashatse uburyo bagikemura, babashyiriraho udusoko, ariko hakaba hakiri abakigaragara mu buzunguzayi.
Yagize ati “Iyo tubafashe turabigisha, ariko ibintu ntabwo tubibasubiza, tubimena mu cyobo mu rwego rwo kumuca intege, imyenda yo tuyifashisha abatishoboye. Gusa n’iyo tubafashe tubasaba gusubira mu masoko bahozemo, ababyemera tubasubiza ibyabo bakabicuruza.”
Karamuzi akomeza avuga ku bacuruzi bahitamo guha abazunguzayi ibicuruzwa byabo, ko haba hari abafite ‘depot’, bagashaka ababibacururiza. Ngo abo rero ni bo bakurikirana.
Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Kanombe, Nkurunziza Idrissa, avuga ko abanze kujya mu masoko, amategeko avuga ko babambura ibyo bacuruza, bagacibwa n’amande y’ ibihumbi icumi by’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.
Yagize ati “Twebwe ibyo tubambura turabikusanya, tukavangura ibibora n’ibitabora. Nta ‘stock’ tugira tubishyiramo, ibitabora tubyohereza ku Karere kakazagena icyo bikoreshwa. Ibibora ari byo biribwa, bihama ku Murenge bigashyirwa hamwe n’imyanda yindi, kampani ikora isuku ikajya kubimena mu kimoteri cya Nduba, ni bwo buryo tubikoramo.”
Akomeza agira ati “Tubifatira kandi mu rwego rwo guca akajagari mu bacuruzi. Ikibazo ni uko usanga umuntu yakoze icyaha cyo gutanga ruswa, yarangiza akavuga ko yahohotewe. Bajye baza babitubwire tubahane, utabashije kubona amande dusigarana ibicuruzwa bye kuko n’ubundi aba agomba kubyamburwa. Aba ahanishijwe igihano kimwe mu byo yagombaga.”
Ku ruhande rwa Polisi y’u Rwanda, bemera ko abo bantu bakora ubuzunguzayi babafata bafatanyije na DASSO, ariko ntibasobanura aho babajyana. Mu gihe abafatwa bo bavuga ko berekezwa aho bafungirwa i Gikondo, hazwi nko kwa Kabuga.
Kuri iyi ruswa ivugwa hagati y’abazunguzayi n’ababafata, Umuvugizi w’Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Ubugenzacyaha (RIB), Dr Murangira Thierry, avuga ko icyo ari icyaha ndetse ko nk’ubugenzacyaha batazihanganira umuntu uwo ari we wese wishora mu cyaha cya ruswa. Yanasabye abandi bafite amakuru kuri iyi ruswa, kwihutira kuyegera bagatanga ayo makuru, kuko nta buryozwacyaha bubaho ku muntu watanze cyangwa wakiriye indonke, iyo yabimenyesheje inzego z’ubugenzacyaha mbere y’uko abikurikiranwaho.
Umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe iterambere ry’ubukungu mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Rubangutsangabo Jean, avuga ko nubwo ari ikibazo kimaze igihe, ariko ubukangurambaga bukomeza gukorwa ngo bikemuke. Akomeza avuga ko abahohotera abo bazunguzayi na bo iyo bafashwe bakurikiranwa, byaba ari ikibazo cyo kutanoza imikorere bakongererwa ubushobozi, bahugurwa.
Umujyi wa Kigali n’ingamba zo kugabanya abazunguzayi
Hagamijwe kurwanya ubucuruzi bw’akajagari no kwimakaza umuco w’isuku, Umujyi wa Kigali washyizeho ingamba zitandukanye zo kurwanya abazwi nk’abazunguzayi babashakira amasoko yo gukoreramo ku buryo abinangira bakaguma mu buzunguzayi bahanwa harimo n’abajyanwa mu bigo binyurwamo by’igihe gito. Nubwo bimeze bityo hari abazunguzayi bavuga ko uwatanze ruswa yemererwa gukomeza gucuruza ndetse ntajyanwe gufungirwa i Gikondo ahazwi nka kwa Kabuga.
Ikibazo cy’abazunguzayi mu mujyi wa Kigali cyagiye gishyirirwaho ingamba zitandukanye zirimo no guhana abagura ibicuruzwa byabo. Ni nyuma y’aho no mu mwaka wa 2015 Inama Njyanama y’umujyi wa Kigali, yashyizeho amabwiriza ajyanye no kurebera hamwe uburyo abacururiza mu mihanda bafashwa, kuko bikwiye ko na bo bakora ubucuruzi neza, bagatera imbere.
Aha ni ho benshi bahera basaba ko ruswa ivugwa mu bazunguzayi yahabwa umurongo mu kuyica burundu no gukurikira irengero ry’ibicuruzwa byamburwa abazunguzayi, dore ko n’abagera ku byobo byitwa ko bimenwamo bakemanga ingano y’ibishyirwamo; bavuga ko ari bike ugeraranyije n’ibifatwa, cyangwa hakaba gusa hashyirwamo ibyangiritse.
Abandi ariko na bo bavuga ko kuba umuzunguzayi ubwabyo atari ikibazo, ahubwo ikibazo kiri mu kutabaha umurongo.
Umwe ati “Niba abamotari bambara amajile bagakora bagasora, ni gute bariya na bo batahabwa utwambaro tubaranga, bakaba bagira aho bakorera muri ‘quartier’ hazwi, noneho bakagira n’uburyo basora?”
Kuri uyu, niba butiki, akabari, moteli, hoteli byose bicuruza ibintu bimwe bigasora, ba nyirabyo bakunguka, ntawe ugiye kurega undi ngo uyu acuruza make cyangwa menshi akantwara abakiliya, ari na ko abazunguzayi bagashyizwe ku murongo; ibyabo byakemuka, bakaba abinjiriza Igihugu aho kukibera umutwaro.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Umuryango Urwanya ruswa n’Akarengane_TI-RW, bwagaragaje ko mu nzego z’ibanze, ruswa yazamutse, aho yavuye ku kigero cya 2,51% mu 2019, ikagera kuri 4,90% mu 2020. Mu mwaka wa 2021, yageze ku 10.10%. Ibi byatumye Inzego z’ibanze zishyirwa ku mwanya wa 3, mu zirangwamo ruswa.
MUNEZERO Jeanne D’Arc
