Mu mateka yo kubungabunga ikirere hirindwa ibyagihungabanya, hari hakunzwe kuvugwa amasezerano ya Pretoria, amasezerano ya Montréal, ariko guhera ku myanzuro y’inama ya 28 y’ibihugu byasinye amasezerano ya Montréal, harazajya kujya hakoreshwa “Amasezerano ya Kigali/Kigali Protocol/Protocole de Kigali”.
Ibihugu 150 byo ku Isi byari biteraniye i Kigali, kuva ku wa 10-14 Ukwakira 2016, mu nama ya 28 y’ibihugu byasinye amasezerano ya Montréal yo kurengera ikirere, n’akayunguruzo k’izuba, byashoboye kumvikana ku masezerano akomeye mu kugabanya imyuka ikomoka ku bikoresho bikonjesha n’ibitanga umuyaga, izwi nka “HFCs”, mu rwego rwo kurinda ikirere guhumana.
Intumwa z’ibihugu byitabiriye iyo nama, zemeranyijwe kugira icyo ibihugu byabo bikora ku masezerano ya Montréal, muri Canada (Montreal Protocol) aho ibihugu bikize byiyemeje kugabanya iyi myuka ya HFC guhera mu 2019.
Aya masezerano ariko hari abayanenga ko ashobora kutazagira impinduka igaragara ageraho nk’uko byitezwe, kuko asa nk’aho ibihugu byashyize umukono ku masezerano bigaragaramo ibice bitatu.
Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, John Kerry, wafashije ko aya masezerano agerwaho nyuma y’inama nyinshi yagiranye n’abatandukanye i Kigali, yavuze ko ari intsinzi ikomeye ku Isi.
Yatangarije BBC ati “Ni intambwe nini cyane itewe, igiye gukemura bimwe mu byo ibihugu byari bikeneye, ariko araduha amahirwe yo kugabanya ubushyuhe bw’Isi, hafi ho ½ cy’igipimo y’ubushyuhe…”
John Kerry yageze i Kigali ku wa kane tariki ya 13 Ukwakira 2016 nimugoroba, ku wa Gatanu tariki ya 14 Ukwakira, yakiriwe na Perezida Paul Kagame mu biro bye Village Urugwiro.
Aya masezerano y’i Kigali yahaye ibihugu uburyo butandukanye bwo kugera ku ntego zo kugabanya imyuka ya HFCs (Hydroflurocarbons), ikoreshwa cyane muri firigo, mu byuma bitanga umwuka (air conditioners) n’ibyitwa aerosol sprays.
Ibihugu bikize cyane by’i Burayi na Amerika n’ibindi bikomeye bizatangira kugabanya iyi myuka ya HFCs mu myaka mike iri imbere, ku buryo bizagabanyaho nibura 10% mu mwaka wa 2019.
Ibihugu bifite umuvuduko ukomeye mu iterambere nk’u Bushinwa n’ibihugu byo muri Amerika y’Epfo, n’ibirwa byiyemeje kuzagabanya iyi myuka ya HFCs mu mwaka wa 2024.
Naho ibindi bihugu bitera imbere nk’U Buhinde, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq n’ibindi byo mu Kigobe cy’Abarabu, byiyemeje kuzatangira kugabanya iyi myuka guhera muri 2028.
U Bushinwa, igihugu cya mbere ku Isi gisohora imyuka ya HFCs mu kirere, ntikiteguye gutangira kuyigabanya cyangwa kugabanya kuyikoresha nibura mbere ya 2029.
U Buhinde bwo buzatangira kureba uko bwagabanya iyi myuka ho nibura 10% mu 2032.
Durwood Zaelke wo mu kigo Institute for Government and Sustainable Development (IGSD), yavuze ko aya masezerano ari “Bidasubirwaho ari umunsi w’amateka”.
Durwood agira ati “Twaje i Kigali twihaye intego yo kugabanya nibura ½ cya degree ku bushuhe bw’Isi, nibura tuhavanye 90% kuri izi mpinduka ibihugu byiyemeje.”
Amasezerano ya Kigali yasojwe nibura buri gihugu cyihaye gahunda yo gutangira kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ariko ibihugu bikize n’ubundi bisanzwe bifite imyuka myinshi ihumanya ikirere byihaye nibura intera ya vuba, mu gihe ibifite umuvuduko ukomeye mu iterambere hari ibyafashe imyaka igera nibura kuri 16 kugira ngo bigire icyo bikora. Ibihugu 90% byavuye i Kigali byiyemeje kugira icyo bikora byaba mu gihe cya hafi cyangwa ikirekire.
Panorama
Perezida Paul Kagame yitabiriye inama mpuzamahanga ya 28 y’ibihugu byasinye amasezerano ya Montréal yo kurengera ikirere. (Photo/Urugwiro)
Atabiriye inama mpuzamahanga ya 28 y’ibihugu byasinye amasezerano ya Montréal yo kurengera ikirere, bayisoje umunezero ari wose. (Photo/Urugwiro)
Atabiriye inama mpuzamahanga ya 28 y’ibihugu byasinye amasezerano ya Montréal yo kurengera ikirere, bayisoje umunezero ari wose. (Photo/Urugwiro)
Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame yakiriye mu biro bye John Kerry Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika witabiriye inama mpuzamahanga ya 28 y’ibihugu byasinye amasezerano ya Montréal yo kurengera ikirere. (Photo/Urugwiro)
