Ibihe bya COVID-19, byatumye bamwe mu bakoresha bagaragaza ubumwe bafitanye n’abakozi babo ndetse n’agaciro babaha mu kazi. Abakoresha bamwe baboneyeho umwanya wo guhagarika abakozi mu gihe kitazwi bitwaje itegeko rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, abandi babahemba umushahara w’igice, ndetse hari n’ababagabanyije. Abakoresha b’inyangamugayo nibo bagumanye abakozi babo ndetse banabafasha guhangana n’ibihe bikomeye bya COVID-19.
Inama yahuje Urugaga rw’amasendika y’Abakozi mu Rwanda (CESTRAR) Abahagarariye abakoresha (PSF), abahagarariye abakozi (Sendika z’abakozi) ndetse n’abagenzuzi b’umurimo ku wa 14 Ugushyingo 2020; yagaragaje ko ibihe bya COVID-19 byazahaje abakozi batari bake, ariko kandi hari n’abakoresha batabaye inyangamugayo babyuririraho birukana abakozi. Ikindi cyagaragajwe ni uko COVID-19 yatanze isomo ry’uko hagomba gushyirwa imbaraga mu bwizigamire mu rwego rwo guteganyiriza ibihe bikomeye.
Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa CESTRAR, Camarade Biraboneye Africain, avuga ko hari abakoresha bitwikiriye iyaduka ry’icyorezo cya COVID-19, bagahera ko bafata imyanzuro yo guhagarika abakozi, nta n’inama bigeze bagirana na bo.
Agira ati “Ubwo COVID-19 yadukaga, abakozi benshi babuze akazi, abanda basigara bakora igice…, imirimo myinshi yari yahagaze. Uyu munsi ariko hari imirimo yatangiye gukorwa n’abakozi bamwe basubira mu kazi…”
Akomeza agira ati “Twabonye ko ku ruhande rw’abakozi n’abakoresha badafite umuco w’ibiganiro, ku buryo COVID-19 imaze kwaduka baticaye hamwe ngo bashake umuti w’ibibazo biri mu kazi kabo, ahubwo buri wese yarebye uruhande rwe, rimwe na rimwe hakabaho no kutubahiriza amategeko…Hari abakozi benshi bakora batagira amasezerano y’umurimo yanditse, ku buryo umukozi yaheraho akorana n’ibigo by’imari. Hagaragayemo kandi ibibazo byo kutubahiriza amategeko, n’ibyakozwe ugasanga bitubahiriza amategeko…”
Arongera ati “Ku bijyanye n’imibanire hagati y’abakzo n’abakoresha, hari aho twasanze imibanire y’abakozi n’abakoresha ari myiza cyane, bicaye bakaganira ku kibazo. Hari abandi abanda bikunze cyane batererana abakozi. Twasanze rero hakwiye kwimakaza umuco w’ibiganiro rusange, igihe habaye ikibazo bicara hamwe abakozi n’abakoresha bakabiganiraho, umwanzuro uvuyemo akaba riwo ushyirwa mu bikorwa.”
Ubumwe hagati y’abakozi n’umukoresha bizamura ikigo n’imibereho y’abakozi
Mukanyandwi Souzanne, umukozi muri UTEXRWA, avuga ko abakozi babo mu bihe bya COVID-19, bagabanyijwemo ibice, ariko bikorwa babanje kubiganiraho n’umukoresha; ariko abenshi bo mu bigo byigenga babuze akazi.
Ati “Hari abakoraga uko bisanzwe, abandi bahagarikwa by’agateganyo ndetse n’imishahara yabo irahagarara. Twe twabanje kuganira n’umukoresha wacu ariko hari abandi bitakozwe bityo. Abakoraga bumvaga ko bari mu kazi ariko abari mu rugo bumvaga ko ubuzima burangiye.”
Undi mukozi, ukora muri imwe mu mahoteli yo mu mujyi wa Kigali, wagiranye ikiganiro na Panorama yagize ati “Mu bihe bya COVID-19, hari abakoresha batigeze batekereza ku kamaro ku mukozi mu kigo. Hari bamwe mu bayobozi babonye umwanya wo kwikiza cyangwa se gukanda abakozi. Abenshi bahinduwe ba nyakabyizi kandi bamaze igihe mu kazi, abandi basubukirwa amasezerano mu gihe kitazwi. Dufite impungenge ko hazakurikiraho igabanya ry’abakozi, kandi bagahera kuri abo badashaka mu kazi kabo. Dufite impungenge kandi ko umukozi uzi uburenganzira bwe ari we bashobora kuzajya baheraho mu kwirukana!”
Murara Athur, Umuyobozi w’ikigo Pure Pro, avuga ko mu bihe bya COVID-19 yatakaje abakozi barenga kimwe cya kabiri, kuko muri 27 yakoreshaga yasanze asigaranye 11 gusa. Ati “Benshi mu bakozi twari dufite bashatse ubuzima ahandi, bituma dutakaza benshi. Benshi mu bakozi bacu bari ba nyakabyizi, byatumye bahita bigendera. Abadafite amasezerano y’umurimo bahuye n’ingaruka zikomeye zikomoka kuri COVID-19.
Rusanganwa Léon Pierre, Umuhuzabikorwa w’ibikorwa by’umuzima mu rugaga rw’Abikorera, PSF, avuga ko ibihe bya COVID-19 byatanze isomo rikomeye ku bakoresha ndetse n’abakozi, cyane cyane ku bumwe bari bafitanye mu kazi.
Ati “Buri wese bucya afungura bizinesi, akaba atazi ibijyanye n’abakozi, uko batanga imisoro, uko bakora ubucuruzi n’ibindi. Abikora atabwiye Urugaga rw’abikorera, rutazi ko atanabaho. Abo nibo bagize ibibazo bikomeye n’abakozi. Abasanzwe bakorana kandi bari muri PSF nta bibazzo bikomeye bagiranye n’abakozi. Birakwiye ko umuntu wese ufunguye bizinesi akwiye kujya ahita amenyekanishwa mu rugaga rw’abikorera mu karere, ndetse akanandikwa mu bugenzuzi bw’umurimo.”
CESTRAR igaragaza ko mu bushakashatsi yakoze muri Werurwe na Mata 2020, bwakorewe mu bigo 4.150; basanze muri byo ibigera ku 1.700 byarafunze imiryango. Muri rusange muri ibyo bigo byose, abakozi babonye umushahara wabo wose bagera ku 54.609, abakozi 1.143 bahawe kimwe cya kabiri cy’umushahara wabo na ho abagera ku 38.757 ntibigeze bahembwa.
Gufungura imwe mu mirimo byagabanyije igipimo cy’ubushomeri
Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR), muri raporo y’igihembwe cya mbere 2020 igaragaza uko umurimo uhagaze, mu Rwanda habarurwaga abakozi 3.568.934, muri bo abakorera Leta ni 205.105, batagera ku 10 ku ijana by’abakozi bose.
Kuva COVID-19 yagera mu Rwanda kuva tariki ya 14 Werurwe 2020, servisi zose zarafunze, abo mu mahoteli n’ubukerarugendo, abo mu mashuri yigenga, inganda n’ubwubatsi bahise bihutira gusubika amasezerano y’umurimo. Nubwo hari serivisi zakomorewe kuva ku wa 4 Gicurasi 2020, nyuma y’iminsi 45 ya #Guma mu rugo, abahagarikiwe amasezeraano biyongeraho abari mu buhanzi, imyidagaduro n’ubugenzi n’abakora indi mirimo imwe n’imwe kuko bo batarakomorerwa.
Iyi raporo igaragaza ko icyorezo cya Covid-19 kigera mu Rwanda, ikigero cy’ubushomeri cyari kuri 13.1% ariko kubera ingaruka z’iki cyorezo, muri Gicurasi iki kigero cy’ubushomeri cyaje kuzamuka kigera 22.1%.
Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare, NISR, yerekanye ko uko umwaka wa 2020 ugenda wigira imbere, umubare w’abantu bari baratakaje akazi kubera COVID-19 ugenda ugabanuka uko ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe byongera gufungura.
Iyi mibare ikubiye muri Raporo ya NISR ku bushakashatsi ku murimo n’ubushomeri mu Rwanda bwakozwe muri Kanama 2020, bugashyirwa hanze kuri uyu wa 21 Ukwakira 2020.
Iyi raporo igaragaza ko kuva muri Gicurasi 2020 umubare w’abaturage bafite akazi wagize uzamuka nyuma y’uko ibikorwa byongeye gufungura. Umubare w’abafite akazi warazamutse uva kuri 3.199.104 wariho muri Gicurasi ugera kuri 3.212.097 muri Nyakanga, mbere y’uko uzamuka na none ukagera kuri 3.667.611 muri Kanama.
Hashingiwe kuri iyi mibare bigaragara ko kuva muri Gicurasi 2020 kugera muri Kanama umubare w’abafite akazi wazamutse ku kigero cya 15%.
Rwanyange Rene Anthere
