Mu myaka 70 umwamikazi Elizabeth II yamaze aganje ku ngoma y’u Bwongereza yasuye ibihugu 20 bya Afurika nk’ikimenyetso cy’inyungu, amahirwe ndetse n’urukundo yari afitiye uyu mugabane; uretse ko we na Idi Amin Dada wa Uganda batacanaga uwaka.
Urukundo abaturage b’igihugu cye bamukunze kenshi, rwavuye ku kamaro Elizabeth II yagiye agaragaza mu guharanira ubuhangange bw’u Bwongereza kugeza hanze y’imipaka yabwo.
Marechal Idi Amin Dada Perezida rukumbi wahangaye Elizabeth II
Uganda ni kimwe mu bihugu bya Afurika bifite ibisigisi by’ubuloni bw’Abongereza ariko nk’umuntu wari wubashwe ku mutwe wa Commonwealth. Elizabeth yahangawe n’umunyagitugu Idi Amin Dada wigeze kwiyita umwami wa Écosse, ubwo yavugaga ko na we yiteguye kuyobora Commonwealth ku ngufu ze.
Bidatinze mu 1975, Perezida wa Uganda, Idi Amin Dada yitumiye ibwami Buckingham Palace mu butumwa bwe yari yohereje umwamikazi Elizabeth II yamumenyeshaga ko azamusura ku ya 4 Kanama 1975, akaba anifuza kuzakirwa neza cyane mu byubahiro bikomeye.
Muri iyo baruwa ya Amin Dada bivugwa ko yarimo agasuzuguro gakomeye, yagiraga ati “N’ubwo ubukungu bw’Ubwongereza bumeze nabi nizere ko muzanyakirana ubwuzu n’icyubahiro cyanjye”. Nk’uko byanditswe n’ ikinyamakuru Le Monde cyasohotse icyo gihe cyavugaga ko na Idi Amin Dada na we yari yatumiye Elizabeth II muri Uganda, yavugaga ati “Elizabeth azaze ahure n’umugabo nyawe”; ariko ntibyashobotse kuko Amin yahise ahirikwa ku butegetsi mu 1979.
Elizabeth II yakiriye Mobutu wa Zaïre (DRC)
Mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 1973, Perezida wa Zaïre (Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo y’ubu), Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbwendu wa Zabanga, yasuye Ubwongereza agamije kugirana umubano n’iki gihugu.
Icyo gihe bitewe n’uko Mobutu yashakaga kwimenyekanisha mu ruhando rw’amahanga kuko yarwanyaga ubwiyongere bw’abasoviyete muri Afurika yo Hagati, Umwamikazi Elizabeth yifuje ko Congo-Kinshasa yakwinjira muri Commonwealth bitewe n’umutungo kamere wayo nka Diyama, Zahabu, cobalt, Umuringa na Uranium; ariko Mobutu arabyanga amusubiza ko atorohewe n’Ababiligi n’Abafaransa na bo bashakaga umutungo w’icyo gihugu.
Elizabeth II na Nelson Mandela bagiranye ubushuti bukomeye
Perezida wa Afurika y’Epfo Nelson Mandela, yasuye Elizabeth II i Buckingham amwakirana ishema n’isheja, ku buryo batemberanye mu murwa wa Londres bicanyaranye ku igare rikururwa n’amafarasi.
Umudendezo utarigeze wumva ko hari isano ikomeye iri hagati y’umuntu uharanira ubwisanzure n’umwami, nk’uko byatangajwe n’munyamabanga wihariye wa Mandela.
Mandela wigeze kwicara mu igare rimwe rikururwa n’amafarasi hamwe n’umwamikazi anyura mu mihanda y’i Londres muri 1995.
Mu kwakira Nelson MANDELA, Umwamikazi Elizabeth yerekanye ko yubashe uyu mwirabura nk’umuntu waharaniye kurwanya ivangura ndetse wifuza ko umuntu wese yubahwa uko yaba ameze kose.
Kenya izahora yibuka Elizabeth II
Muri Gashyantare 1952, Umwamikazi Elizabeth II ubwo yasuraga Kenya, akiri igikomangomakazi, nyuma y’iminsi 2 y’urugendo rwe, nibwo yumvishe inkuru y’incamugongo ko se Umwami Georges VI yatanze; ubwo yatashye igitaraganya ahita yimikwa nk’Umwamikazi uganje.
Nyuma y’aho inkuru yemeza ko Elizabeth II yatanze ku wa 8 Nzeri 2022, Uhuru Kenyatta wahoze ayoboye Kenya, yatanze ubutumwa bwemeza ko uwo Mwamikazi yari yaraharaniye ko Isi yose ibona amahoro ndetse ko atitaga ku nyungu z’Ubwongereza cyangwa Commonwealth gusa.
Perezida wa Kenya, William Ruto we yashimangiye ko Umuryango wa Commonwealth ari umurage bwite wa Elizabeth II.
Gusa muri Kenya, abaturage bafite urwibutso rubi rw’uburyo abakoloni b’Abongereza barwanyije bikomeye MAU-MAU nk’itsinda ry’Abanyakenya bashakaga ubwigenge bw’igihugu cyabo banasaba ko abongereza basubira iwabo nta kabuza.
Elizabeth II mu ntambara zo kurwanya ubukoloni
Umwamikazi Elizabeth II yigaragaje cyane muri za 1960 na mbere yaho gato, ibihe byaranzwe n’intambara, imyivumbagatanyo n’imyigaragambyo y’abanyafurika basabaga ubwigenge kuburira hasi no hejuru.
Muri ibyo byose, Elizabeth II yakomeje aharanira ubusugire n’ubudasa bwa Commonwealth cyane cyane mu 1961, ubwo yashakaga gusura Ghana, ibyegera bye bikabyanga bivuga ko urwo rugendo rushobora kumugiraho ingaruka zikomeye.
Icyo gihe n’itangazamakuru rifanyije na Minisitiri w’Intebe w’Ubwongereza, Winston Churchill, bashatse kubuza Queen Elizabeth II kujya muri Afurika ngo kuko babonaga ko ashobora kuhasiga ubuzima. Ariko bitewe n’uko yari umugore w’igikurankota uzi icyo ashaka, ntawamukomye mu nkokora.
Elizabeth II abyinana na Nkrumah
Byabaye ubutwari bukomeye ku ruhande rwa Elisabeth kuko gusura Ghana ya Kwame Nkrumah byari ihurizo rikomeye, kuko uyu munyafurika yahoraga ashyamiranye n’abazungu ku buryo kenshi yagiye araswa ariko bakamuhusha.
Kutava ku izima no kudakunda gutegekwa no kuyoboka politiki zo kwikunda no kwibona kwa bagashakabuhake, ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru yatumaga Kwame Nkrumah ashaka kwicwa n’Abongereza ariko n’ubundi hari umwe mu bamurindaga wishwe arashwe bari kumwe.
N’ubwo Elizabeth II atigeraga yishimira ko Kwame Nkrumah yakwicwa kubera ibitekerezo bye byo kwigenga no kwibohora, ntabwo nanone yishimiye uburyo Nkrumah yakomeje kwiyegereza Moscou kuko yabonaga ko ashaka kuva muri Commonwealth.
Muri iyo myaka, Umwamikazi Elizabeth II yatangaje ko mu byatumaga atinya gusura Ghana ngo n’uko Perezida w’u Burusiya, Khrouchtchev yari yasuye icyo gihugu kandi yakiranwa ibyubahiro byinshi.
Elisabeth II ari muri Ghana yakiriwe neza cyane kandi amafoto ye yagaragaye ari kubyinana na Kwame Nkurumah, byasobanuraga kwicisha bugufi imbere y’umwirabura mu gihe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byari bigoye kugira ngo ibyo biboneke ku mugaragaro.
Queen Elizabeth ahura na Kenneth Kaunda muri Zambia
Mu 1979, ubwo Elizabeth II yagomba kujya muri Zambia gutangiza inama ya Commonwealth i Lusaka nabwo Minisitiri w’Intebe, Magret Thatcher ntiyabishatse kuko ku bilometero 200 gusa, i Rhodesia intambara y’abaturage hagati y’abashigikiye ubwigenge na bagashakabuhake yarimo guca ibintu kuva muri 1964.
Margaret Thatcher wari ukimara kujya mu nshingano kandi afite imyaka ingana n’iya Elizabeth ntibigeze bacana uwaka kuri urwo rugendo, kuko byarangiye umwamikazi agiye i Lusaka. Yakiriwe neza kandi yahavuye hashyizwe umukono ku masezerano yo kurwanya ivanguraruhu na politike ya bagashakabuhake, n’uko Rhodesia y’Amajyepfo yegukanywa na Zimbabwe ya Robert Mugabe intambara ihita ifata iherezo.
Elizabeth II yakiriye Perezida Paul Kagame
Nyuma y’aho Umwamikazi Elizabeth II yakira Perezida Paul Kagame mu 2006, u Rwanda rwaje kwijira muri Commonwealth tariki ya 29 Ugushyingo 2009 ariko rwaratangiye kubisaba mu 2003. Bishoboka ko Umwamikazi Elizabeth II yari kuzasura u Rwanda nka bucura bwe muri Commonwealth ariko ntibyashobotse!
Igikomangoma ubu akaba Umwami w’Ubwongereza Charles III yitabiriye inama ya CHOGAM kandi anasura u Rwanda, kuva ku ya 20 kugeza ya 25 Kamena 2022.
Ku myaka 96 y’amavuko, Umwamikazi Elizabeth atabarutse yaragize uruhare rukomeye mu gushinga no gushimangira Commonwealth nk’ubuhangange bw’Ubwongereza muri politike n’ubukungu mpuzamahanga. Atabarutse ibihugu bigize Commonwealth bisangira Politiki ariko bitarasangira inyungu zishingiye ku bucuruzi.
Umwamikazi Elizabeth II yasuye ibihugu 56 bigize Commonwealth birimo 20 bya Afurika, byinshi muri byo yabigezemo ahagarariye se wari warazengerejwe na Kanseri y’ibihaha, byatumaga adashobora gukora ingendo za kure mu mahanga.
Gaston Rwaka
