Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ry’ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi (NAEB) kiri gushyira imbaraga mu kugabanya umusaruro w’ibitunguru wangirika nyuma y’isarura, ikibazo kimaze guteza igihombo abahinzi no gutuma isoko ry’u Rwanda ryishingikiriza ku bitunguru bituruka mu mahanga.
NAEB ivuga ko hafi 15.4% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’ibitunguru wangirika, mu gihe abahinzi bo bavuga ko igihombo gishobora kuba kinini kurushaho kuko hari umusaruro wangirika utabasha kubarurwa.
Iki kibazo ahanini gifitanye isano no kubura uburyo buhagije bwo kumisha no kubika ibitunguru, bigatuma abahinzi n’abacuruzi bihutira kubigurisha n’iyo isoko ritameze neza.
Abacuruzi bo mu masoko ya Nyabugogo na Gikondo bavuga ko bakunze kugura ibitunguru bituruka muri Tanzania na Kenya kubera ko biba byumye neza kandi bikamara igihe kirekire bitarangirika.
Uwingabire ukorera mu isoko rya Nyabugogo yagize ati: “Dukunda gucuruza ibitunguru bya Tanzania na Kenya kuko biba byumye neza kandi bibasha kubicyika igihe kirekire ku buryo bishobora kumara nk’amezi 8 bitarangirika.”
Undi mucuruzi witwa Habimana yavuze ko hari igihe abacuruzi batinya kuranguza ibitunguru by’u Rwanda ku bwinshi kubera ko iyo isoko ridahise riboneka bishobora kuborera mu bubiko.
Ati: ”Ducuruza ibitunguru biva Tanzania atari uko tubikunze kuko biba binahenze kubera ko ibyo mu Rwanda iyo ubiranguye ntibihite bibona abaguzi bikuboreraho ugasanga biguteje igihombo.”
Abahinzi bahura n’igihombo gikomeye
Iyangirika ry’ibitunguru riri mu bibazo bihangayikishije abahinzi bashora amafaranga menshi mu mbuto, ifumbire, imiti n’imirimo yo guhinga, ariko bakabura isoko ku gihe.
Nyirambanjinka Yvonne, umuhinzi wo muri Koperative Kobatu, avuga ko yaguze umurama w’ibiro bine, aho ikiro kimwe cyari gifite agaciro k’amafaranga 300,000. Ibi bivuze ko imbuto zonyine zamutwaye miliyoni 1.2 Frw, atabariyemo andi mafaranga yakoresheje mu buhinzi.
Avuga ko igihe ibitunguru bye byeraga isoko ryabaye rike, ku buryo bimwe byasigaye mu murima bikangirika. Yari yarafashe n’inguzanyo, bituma icyo gihombo kigira ingaruka no ku bushobozi bwo kwishyura ibindi yari ateganyije, birimo amafaranga y’ishuri ry’abana.
Mwiseneza Soteri, umuhinzi wo mu Kagari ka Gasizi, Umurenge wa Kanzenze mu Karere ka Rubavu, na we avuga ko yashoye 600,000 Frw, ariko akagira igihombo gikomeye.
Ati: “Nashoye amafaranga ibihumbi 600, ariko umusaruro wose nawugurishije ibihumbi 50 gusa.”
Iyangirika ry’umusaruro ntirigira ingaruka ku bahinzi gusa. Iyo ibitunguru byo mu Rwanda bidashoboye kubikwa no kugera ku isoko ku gihe, abacuruzi bashaka ibindi bicuruzwa, bigatuma ibitunguru bitumizwa muri Tanzania na Kenya bikomeza kugira umwanya ukomeye ku isoko ry’u Rwanda.
Mu Karere ka Rubavu, hateganyijwe igisubizo gishingiye ku bwumishirizo bw’ibitunguru, kizashyirwa mu bikorwa na NAEB ku bufatanye na Korea y’Epfo binyuze muri KOICA.
Umushinga wo gufata neza umusaruro no kunoza uruhererekane nyongeragaciro ugamije kugabanya iyangirika ry’ibitunguru riva kuri 15.4% rikagera kuri 7.7%.
Aimable Rusingizandekwe, Umuyobozi w’Umushinga wo Gufata Neza Ibiribwa no Kunoza Uruhererekane Nyongeragaciro muri NAEB, yavuze ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere y’umushinga bwagaragaje ubukana bw’ikibazo.
Ati: “Twakoze ubushakashatsi mbere y’uko dutangira umushinga, dusanga umusaruro w’ibitunguru wangirikaga uri ku kigero cya 15.4% by’umusaruro mbumbe. Intego dufite ni ukugabanya bikagera kuri 7.7%.”
Ubwumishirizo buteganyijwe muri Kanzenze buzajya bushobora kumisha toni 34.4 z’ibitunguru icyarimwe, bukabikora inshuro ebyiri mu cyumweru. Biteganyijwe ko ubwo buryo bushobora gufasha kumisha hafi toni 70 mu cyumweru.
Umushinga uzakorana na koperative esheshatu, ariko NAEB ivuga ko n’abahinzi batari muri izo koperative bazemererwa gukoresha ubwo buryo bwo kumisha no kubika umusaruro wabo.
Mwiseneza avuga ko iki gikorwa gishobora guhindura uburyo abahinzi bacunga umusaruro wabo, cyane cyane mu gihe isoko ritameze neza.
Ati: “Iyi nyubako ije ari igisubizo kuri njye no kuri bagenzi banjye. Iyo umusaruro wacu wabonaga isoko rike, twawugurishaga duhenzwe kuko twabaga dutinya ko wangirika.”
Gahunda yo kubaka ubushobozi bwo kumisha no kubika ibitunguru iteganyijwe no mu Karere ka Rulindo, aho ibikorwa biteganyijwe gutangira bitarenze Ugushyingo 2026.
NAEB ivuga ko intego atari ukugabanya gusa umusaruro wangirika, ahubwo ari no kongera igihe ibitunguru bimara, kubongerera agaciro no guha abahinzi amahirwe yo gutegereza isoko ryiza aho kubigurisha ku giciro gito kubera gutinya ko byabora.
Imibare ya NAEB igaragaza ko hagati y’umwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2020/2021 na 2025/2026, u Rwanda rwohereje mu mahanga toni 40.9 z’ibitunguru, zinjiza miliyoni 23 z’amadolari ya Amerika.
Jean Claude Niyonsaba, ushinzwe itumanaho muri NAEB, avuga ko kugabanya iyangirika ry’umusaruro bishobora gutuma umubare w’ibitunguru bigera ku masoko yo hanze wiyongera, nubwo hakiri kare kugira ngo hatangwe imibare y’uko biziyongera.
Ku bahinzi, intsinzi y’iyi gahunda izapimirwa ku bushobozi bwo kubika umusaruro, kugabanya igihombo no kuwugeza ku isoko ku gihe no ku giciro cyiza.
